Depends on the bull. Usually a bull can service up to 25 females in a single breeding period; others can breed 50 if they have high libido.
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A yearling bull, which is best used on heifers, can breed from 10 to 20 heifers in a breeding season.
The function of a bull is to operate as half of your entire cow herd. In other words, his job is to breed your cows and sire as many offspring as he can in his lifetime with the many cows and heifers he is offered to service and as many cows and heifers allow his services.
Angus heifers are typically bred when they are around 15-18 months old, but this can vary depending on individual growth and development. It is generally recommended to breed them by the time they reach 15 months to allow for proper growth before calving.
Maximum is 25 to 50 cows in one breeding season. Younger yearling bulls tend to service 15 to 30 cows/heifers in one season. Some farms can only afford to have a bull per 10 cows if the pastures are too large for one bull to cover 20 or 50 females in one breeding season.
At least ONE bull along with other cows and maybe some heifers. The herd of a cow can also be all cows or all heifers. A herd of cattle can comprise both those as well as all bulls or all steers. A cow herd does not have to have a bunch of cows with at least one bull in it.