Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III in 800. He would be the first person in the west to bear this title since the deposition of the last Roman Emperor Romulus Augustus in 476.
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Pope Leo III crowning Charlemagne emperor, December 25, 800.
What is the importance of Charlemagne?The pope crowned Charlemagne when Rome had been split into two. West Roman was Catholic and East Roman (Byzantium) was Orthodox. Christianity split and had conflicts with another. Charlemagne was at first hesitant to name himself emperor because that would challenge the Byzantium who believed themselves to be Roman's heirs and wanted their land back.Charlemagne briefly unifies Europe.
Charlemagne was not prepared for his coronation and may not have wanted to be crowned by the Pope. If the Pope had the power to crown Charlemagne king, the Pope might also have the right to remove the crown.
Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Emperor in St. Peter's Basilica, in Rome, on December 25, 800 AD. At the time he crowned Charlemagne, he referred to the empire as the Roman Empire. Today, historians call Charlemagne's empire the Carolingian Empire, but at the time, people in Western Europe called it the Roman Empire, as Pope Leo III had. The people of the Byzantine Empire of the time, who had always called their country the Roman Empire, and would as long as it existed, were not very happy about this. The Carolingian Empire divided into France, and a country we call the Holy Roman Empire, but which called itself the Roman Empire for some time. If all this sounds confusing, imagine how it sounded to the people of the time. There are a links below.
The pope gave Charlemagne the title of Holy Roman Emperor, on Christmas Day of 799(?)/800