You use a 22. rifle
Maybe. Depends on where the deer is shot, from what distance. Much more likely to WOUND the deer- which is why in most US states, it is not legal to deer hunt with a .22 rimfire.
Definitely Yes.
It depends on what you mean. If you mean legally, many U.S. states require a caliber larger than .22 or 223, however, that IS legal in some states. If you mean what caliber will kill a deer, almost any rifle caliber will, but .22 or .223 is questionable, which is why many states prohibit that for deer hunting.
Rodents and small game.
Yes. But I suggest using hunting pellets.
Definitely Yes it can.
A .22 rifle can potentially kill animals such as deer or feral hogs with well-placed shots. It is important to ensure responsible and ethical hunting practices when using a firearm for hunting purposes.
Raccoons and large possums are the largest things.
That's a very vague question. If you mean a .22 caliber rifle, the techincal answer is, almost anything. It's possible for a .22 to kill almost any animal, it just isn't extremely likely in some cases.
With a properly placed shot, anything from a .22 long rifle on up.
Theoretically possible out to a mile. 200 yds would be stretching it though