No, the bullet will not seat.
how far does a 50 caliber sniper rifle shoot accuratly
No.
No.
You can from some, but they have to be designed to shoot both.
No
Although there are many variations, most AK47 shoot a ~30 caliber bullet (7.62mm).
100000000 meters
Yes
No, it won't fit. The .45 caliber bullet is 0.45" in diameter; the .30 caliber bullet is .15" smaller. The brass is different size too.
That will depend on what caliber it is chambered for, the bullet used, the barrel used and the weather at the time. note: at one time the Magnum Research information state a 14" barrel 357 magnum gun could shoot up to 300 yards away (900 feet, or an eighth of a mile.)
No. A smaller caliber will either not fire at all, or will split the cartridge casing if it does fire.