Advantages:
ED system separates without phase change, which results in relatively low energy consumption.
When brackish water is desalted by ED system, the product water needs only limited pre-treatment. Typically only chlorination for disinfection is required.
Because ED system removes only ionised species, it is particularly suitable for separating non-ionised fro ionised components.
Osmotic pressure is not a factor in ED system, so the pressure can be used for concentrating salt solutions to 20% or higher.
Disadvantages:
Organic matter, colloids and SiO2 are not removed by ED system.
Feedwater pre-treatment is necessary to prevent ED stacks fouling.
Elaborate controls are required, and keeping them at optimum condition ca be difficult.
Selection of materials of construction for membranes and stack is important to ensure compatibility with the feed stream.
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