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Because of the enormous new territories acquired from Mexico. These extended so far either side of the Missouri line that the Missouri Compromise was not workable. This intensified the debate over new territories joining the Union as slave-states.
The North felt that the South was treating blacks unfairly. However, the South felt that slavery was necessary to keep the economy strong.
One controversial feature of Missouri's admission was that nearly all of the state was north of the line where slavery was supposed to be permitted by a previous agreement. Only a tiny portion ('the bootheel') was south of the slavery line, but the whole state would be admitted as a slave state. This upset northern anti-slavery advocates including Quakers, and encouraged southerners in favor of expanding slavery throughout all the western territories and states.
Slavery has never left and still exists. People around the world are still slaves and sold into slavery everyday. Even in the US people are found that are slaves.
Slavery is indeed very old. It started in the B.c period, when two countries were at war, the winner took the loosing soldiers and people as slaves.