Fort Sumter - when Confederate artillery fired on this tiny US Army garrison on an island in Charleston Harbour, which the South had declared to be Confederate territory.
In response, Lincoln called for new volunteer troops, and this was taken as a declaration of war. Four of the slave-states of the Upper South, which had been undecided, joined the Confederacy, and the two sides were formally lined up.
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The Union Commanders was Scott. He formulated the Anaconda Plan.
Fort Sumter
It would depend on which civil war you are referring to.
The simplest way to explain "why" is probably to refer to the theme used for the Grand Opening of the associated African American Civil War museum. In July 2011, that museum devoted its opening to the theme of "Racial Reconciliation". Despite the significant impact that the US Civil War had on ridding the nation of slavery and advancing it down the path towards the ideal of the Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal", the reality is that much prejudice persisted in both the North and the South during the Civil War and has yet to be wholly eliminated. Recognizing the significant contributions of the "colored troops" (as they were then designated) to the resolution of the Civil War is another step towards healing that wound.
The opening battle of the American Civil War occurred at Fort Sumter on April 2, 1861. Fort Sumter is located in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. See more at the link(s) provided below: