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Some of the better known (famous) US Supreme Court justices:
- Chief Justice John Jay (1789-1795)
First Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
- Chief Justice John Marshall (1801-1835)
Arguably the most influential Chief Justice in the Court's history
- Justice Samuel Chase (1796-1811)
Only Supreme Court justice to be impeached (acquitted at trial)
- Justice Joseph Story (1812-1845)
Youngest Supreme Court justice; also influential
- Chief Justice Roger B. Taney (1836-1864)
Responsible for the Dred Scott decision
- Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase (1864-1873)
Presided over the first Presidential impeachment trial (Andrew Johnson)
- Justice John Marshall Harlan (1877-1911)
Early supporter of civil rights; wrote the dissenting opinion in Plessy v. Ferguson
- Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. (1902-1932)
Wrote many influential opinions
- Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes (1930-1941; Associate Justice 1910-1916)
Very influential jurist, well known politician who ran against Woodrow Wilson
- Justice Louis Brandeis (1916-1939)
Introduced the concept of using sociological and psychological evidence to support case (called Brandeis' briefs); influential jurist; first Jewish justice
- Chief Justice William Howard Taft (1921-1930)
US President from 1909-1913, only former President to join Supreme Court
- Justice Hugo Black (1937-1971)
Infamous for having once belonged to KKK, but a brilliant, progressive jurist who helped advance civil rights
- Justice Felix Frankfurter (1939-1962)
Naturalized citizen, influential jurist, hired first African-American law clerk
- Justice William O. Douglas (1939-1975)
Brilliant, influential jurist and published author
- Chief Justice Earl Warren (1953-1969)
Presided over Brown v. Board of Education and other civil rights cases; considered most progressive champion of human rights
- Justice John Marshall Harlan II (1955-1971)
Influential jurist
- Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. (1956-1990)
Influential jurist
- Justice Potter Stewart (1958-1981)
Influential jurist
- Justice Thurgood Marshall (1967-1991)
First African-American Supreme Court justice; argued Brown v. Board of Education as Chief Counsel for the NAACP
- Chief Justice Warren E. Burger (1969-1986)
Presided over Roe v. Wade; more conservative than Earl Warren
- Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. (1972-1987)
Influential jurist
- Chief Justice William H. Rehnquist (1986-2005; Associate Justice 1972-1986)
Ushered in the current conservative era of the Court
- Justice Sandra Day O'Connor
First woman to sit on the US Supreme Court
Current US Supreme Court Justices
(Only famous because they're contemporary)
- Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr.
- Justice Antonin Scalia
- Justice Anthony Kennedy
- Justice Clarence Thomas
- Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg
- Justice Stephen Breyer
- Justice Samuel Alito
- Justice Sonia Sotomayor
- Justice Elena Kagan
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Does the judicial branch have elections?
On the federal level, no. However, some state courts elect their judges.
Number of judges in courts of appeals?
12
What is one major difference between state and federal court in the US?
Only federal courts are established by Congress. -Apex
What is the term of office for state judges in Washington D.C.?
Washington, DC is not a state, but federal territory. As such, they do not have any state courts. Cases for the District of Columbia are tried and appealed in the federal court system.
What is the difference between federal court and state court?
Only federal Courts must have judges approved by the Senate - apex
Does the US President have direct authority over federal courts and state courts?
No. The federal courts are part of the Judicial branch of government, which is co-equal to, and independent from, the Executive branch (the US President). The President has no authority over federal courts, except for having the power to nominate federal judges and US Supreme Court justices when vacancies arise during his term of office.The President has no authority whatsoever over state courts.
What are the methods of judicial selection for federal appellate judges state appellate judges and state trial court judges?
The methods of judicial selection for federal appellate judges state appellate and state trial judges
What are two main types of court in the American judicial system?
The two classications of courts are civil courts and criminal courts. Governmental divisions include federal, state, county, and municipal courts. A further division of federal and state courts is into trial courts and appeals courts.
How are US District Court judges appointed?
Federal US District Court judges are appointed by the President but must be confirmed by the Senate. Judges presiding over US District Courts or US Special Courts are often suggested by a Senator of the state in which the judge will serve, and are nominated by the President as a matter of Senatorial courtesy.
American courts are usually either federal or courts?
state courts.
What is the role of federal and state courts?
Federal courts hear cases involving violation of Federal Statutes - State courts hear violations of statutes promulgated by their state legislatures.
Which courts hears the most cases state or federal?
State courts hear far more cases than federal courts.
