Caucasians are the people who are mostly descended from the natives of Europe. They are generally those groups who have been called "white people" although their skins are usually shades of pink. For example, the British, French, Germans, Italians, Scandinavians, Greeks, Romanians, Poles, and ethnic Russians are usually considered to be among the Caucasians.
It is a lingering genetic trait. Causasians from Europe and America were "designed" to live in cold climates and thus have more hair for warmth, just as they have light skin to allow more Vitamin D absorption from the meager sunlight in the Northern lattitudes.
Hitler had the idea that the "superior" genetics were ones with blue eyes and blonde hair. And since he didn't like anyone else. He liked the angelic look of the Aryan causasians. Most of the people he persecuted were Jews, Romani people, homosexuals, disabled individuals, slaves in Eastern Europe, Poles, Soviet POWs, Jehovah's Witnesses, and Serbs. Adolf Hitler didn't have blonde hair and blue eyes - he had brown hair and blue eyes [appear brown in Black and white]. --- Hitler himself didn't talk about blue eyes and fair hair but he thought that Aryans were better than Jews. He didn't like Jews because they represented a culture that would not be assimilated into a unitary society, to be absolutely controlled by a secular government. (see the related question)
Albinism doesn't affect a person's life expectancy. People with albinism may be limited in their activities because they can't take exposure to the sun, but their overall lifespan should remain unchanged.