Florida, Maine and South Carolina are the only states where notaries are allowed to perform weddings. But they must perform the wedding in the state where they are commissioned; i.e.: Florida notaries can only perform weddings in Florida; South Carolina notaries can only perform weddings in South Carolina; Maine notaries can only perform weddings in Maine.
Yes, all states must honor the other states laws. So if you are married in one state, you are married in the other as well.
nothing
A notary public from the United States will not work in India. A notary public is good in the states and counties that they are allowed to work in, not in foreign countries.
In many states, a notary stamp is the notary seal. In general, people use "notary seal" as a reference to an embossing/raised seal. However, some states require notaries to use stamps rather than embossers, and in these areas it is common to refer to the stamp as a "notary seal".
No, a notary cannot marry you whether they are close to you or not. You can be married by a Minister/Priest or Justice of the Peace.
Nope
No, notary power is granted by each state for that state only.
You don't even need to have an agency in most states. Just get your notary license.
There is not necessarily a school for becoming a notary, but there are some states that require one to pass an educational course and/or pass a notary exam before they are certified as a notary. Requirements vary by state.
Go to your states notary site to see what your state mandates. Each state is different.
Legal notary stamps aren't for sale. You can find online sources for obtaining notary services, but most states require an in-person visit to a licensed notary public. If you are already a licensed notary, you should be able to obtain the stamps from an online retailer who specializes in providing supplies for notary publics.
Most states will allow you to get married with the proper parental consent. However, I do not know of any state that will allow you to get married at seventeen without parental consent.