There is not one main objective of US foreign policy, but rather, US foreign policy is a balance between four distinct values:
1) Isolationism and Neutrality: This was a value that has receded more in the Post-World War II environment, but a mainstay of US foreign policy, especially up to that point, was the idea that the United States should stay out of any major foreign engagements, wars, or alliances. The isolationists, such as first President George Washington to today's Ron Paul hold that America should focus the most time and energy in defending itself and maintaining its own economy instead of trying to manage the world.
2) Promotion of Democracy and Republicanism: This is a value that became part of American policy in the 20th century and holds that the US government should support initiatives that lead to increased democracy around the world. This has led to cultural initiatives and funding human rights groups all the way to the neoconservative position that tyrannical governments should be removed using military force and republican governments should be installed in their place.
3) Aiding Countries in Development: This value primarily arose in the Post-World War II environment where America became superpower and exploded after the Fall of the Soviet Union. This value promotes the idea that the United States should provide additional monies and expertise to developing countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia to help create modern economies and eliminate poverty.
4) Advocacy of US Economic and Political Interests: This value has always been a part of US foreign policy but was most notable during the Kissinger tenure and the Cold War period in general. It holds that the United States should view the world as a chessboard and make the moves required for US to economic and political ascendancy, often regardless of how many countries are torn up, have their governments overthrown, have immoral dictatorships supported if they approve of a US political agenda, or have their resources extracted in order to achieve this aim.
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The goals of the foreign policy of all American countries is primarily to secure national safety and to promote the economic and social stability of the home country.