Chief Master Sergeant Fred Archer
There has yet to be a female Sergeant Major of the Army.
Chief Master Sgt Grace Peterson
MSGT= Master Sergeant
CMSgt Chief Master Sergeant is the one after Master Sergeant.
abbreviate "Master Sergeant retired
Master Sergeant in the Army is pay grade E8. First Sergeant is the other Army E8 rank.
NO YOU CAN NOT ADDRESS A MASTER SERGEANT AS "SERGEANT"! Yes you can do this in the Army but should you address a Master Sergeant in the Marines as a Sergeant or "Sarg" your going to hear some vocal cords at high volume in your face.
When a First Sergeant leaves, it'll either be because they've been relieved of duty, or are about to be promoted to Sergeant Major. Who replaces the First Sergeant depends on the availability. It may be a Master Sergeant transferred from a staff position, or it may be a Sergeant First Class who is about to be promoted to E-8. You won't find Master Sergeants in line companies - Master Sergeants are found in staff positions.
YES
I assume you are talking about E-8 and E-9 ranks. At E-8 you become either a First Sergeant or a Master Sergeant. If you take the First Sergeant route the next rank becomes Sergeant Major. If you take the Master Sergeant route the next rank becomes Master Gunnery Sergeant.
A Master Sergeant wouldn't have any need to ask a Lieutenant this... if the Master Sergeant doesn't know this already, I have to wonder how they ever got hard striped pinned on them.