It is 4 months long it is broken up into three phases
Basic Training (or Basic Combat Training) is a term exclusive to the US Army and Air Force - the Marines refer to it as Boot Camp. US Marines attend their Boot Camp either at MCRD Parris Island (in South Carolina) or MCRD San Diego (in California).
Some of the basic skills that marines use include physical fitness, marksmanship, communication, and leadership. They receive extensive training in these areas to ensure they are physically and mentally prepared for combat situations. Additionally, marines are trained in basic medical skills and survival skills to handle emergencies and operate in various environments.
It all depends on how well you do in basic training
very simple, if you enlist in the marines a year in advance that means you are in the marines and you are doing the Delayed Entry Program, that means that you are required to basic training within that year.
The Royal Marines are a much smaller body of men who receive a longer and more intensive basic training and more advanced training in special operations skills.
Forever.
No they do not, but if someone wants to switch branches into the marines they must go through marine basic
2 years
It depends on their rank. http://www.defenselink.mil/militarypay/pay/bp/01_activeduty.html
From 1775 to 1783.
Marines are part of the military, many will argue that the Marines are the best/highest trained military branch in the US military (now im not saying that there arnt special forces for other branchs that arn't better then Marines, all im saying is for basic training i'd have to say that the Marines are the best)