Deferred payments are negotiated between the team and the player and have nothing to do with a state's income tax laws.
Both. States have the right to tax their residents on all income. States also have the right to tax income earned in their state (state sourced income). Therefore professional athletes (and entertainers and anyone else who works in various states) has to pay tax to their home state and anywhere they work. Lots of returns to fill out for a professional ball player.
Alaska.
Yes, Major League Baseball players will get to see their families however this usually only happens in the event of playing games in their family's home state. Players will also use the All Star break in order to see their family provided they weren't added to the roster.
Florida
Definately every state.
The state where you work and earn the income wants to collect some state income tax on the income that you earn in that state.
Yes..only on that portion of income properly allocated or attributable to that State.
MLB rules state that there can be 25 active players on a team, in September teams are allowed to expand their rosters to 40 players
New York
No, when filing for the state income taxes, you will receive your federal income tax refund as well as your state income tax refund.
Texas does not have a state income tax.