If you mean can you work for the Navy Department as a Government Civil Servant, or even a non-government employee, without any prior Navy or other military service, then the answer is Yes, most definitely. The Navy employs many civilians in various roles all over the globe.
However, having said that, prior Naval or military service is preferable and helpful when seeking such employment, because virtually all Naval rates require a security clearance of some type. Once you've been cleared as part of military service, that Background Investigation stays with you for the rest of your life. Subsequent updates via update investigations augment previous BI data if or when necessary.
Civilian contractors work on Military vehicles.
In the U.S.: Secretary of Army/Air Force/Navy (civilian); Chief of Staff (military)
In our system of checks and balances we keep control over the military by having civilians overseeing the military to keep them from being too powerful and overthrowing the government, civilians approve the budget for each service and a civilian is the head of each branch of the service.
The Officer Candidate school of the US Navy is located at the Naval Station in Newport, Rhode Island. It is how a civilian graduate with no military training can become an officer.
The wife has the option to stay in or get out of the military. This should be the same with all branches of service. She should have the option to chapter out of the Navy if she is pregnant reqardless of whether her husband is a civilian, military, etc.
The senior military person in the United States Navy is the Chief of Naval Operations. The Supreme Commander, or the Commander in Chief, is a civilian, the President of the United States.
EM is the abbreviation of US Navy job rating of Electrician's Mate. The civilian comparison is an electrical engineer or electrictian.
One can find information on applying for jobs in the US military from: Go Army, Navy, Army Civilian Service, Today's Military, US Military, U.S Army Corps Engineers, Army Hire, Navy Reserve, to name a few.
No - only Active Duty, Reserve, and Retired Veterans and dependents are allowed to use the any military exchange, unless it's a civilian assigned to a military unit and has special permission.
This is a murky area. If the civilian is acting in a purely civilian category, he/she might be tried by the host nation, or with luck, by a court back in the United States. However a civilian working for the DoD will be repatriated to the US and tried before a military court. Note that active-duty military who break local laws are typically handed over to local authorities for trial on their courts; there are several U.S. Navy sailors in Japanese jails serving time for assault, rape, and similar civil offenses.
The Coast Guard is a civilian force while the Navy is a military force. (The Police Department is also a civilian force while the Army is a military force.) The Coast Guard has responsibilities for law enforcement, boating safety, and search and rescue. It mainly deals with people of this country, people trying to enter this country illegally, and smugglers. The Navy deals with acts of war brought by enemies of this country. Thus if another country is attacking our ships or our shipping, our Navy might blast their boats or pirates out of the water.
Of course, navy aircraft are military aircraft.