They were done in this order:
In a fit of madness, induced by Hera, Hercules slew his wife, Megara, and their three children. The 12 labors were his penance.
In one sense he was. He killed his wife, then was set 12 impossible tasks by Hera which he still managed to complete
Apollo
Hera originally gave Hercules 10 tasks. But 2 of them she didn't count because he had help. This is why Hercules had to do 12 tasks.
Yes, I believe after he killed Megara, he was given the 12 tasks. After this, by the by, he married Deianira, who he won from the river god Achelous.
A "herculean" task (after Hercules' 12 labors).
Yes
He finished the tasks even though Eurystheus thought he couldn't.
Odysseus did not have specifically have 12 tasks, set apart from the rest. You are probably thinking of Hercules.
Comes from Hercules. Hercules was a greek who killed his wife and children so had to take upon 12 tasks called the labours of hercules.
Heracles (Greek) Hercules (Roman) had to complete 12 labors.
Slay the Nemean Lion.Slay the 9-headed Lernaean Hydra.Capture the Golden Hind of Artemis.Capture the Erymanthian Boar.Clean the Augean stables in a single day.Slay the Stymphalian Birds.Capture the Cretan Bull.Steal the Mares of Diomedes.Obtain the Girdle of the Amazon Queen.Obtain the Cattle of the Monster Geryon.Steal the Apples of the Hesperides.Capture Cerberus.Obtained from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules