I am unaware of a nickname given to Europe. The only example I can think of is the Old World (but this also includes Asia and Africa). These continents are called the Old World because this is where "civilization" started.
old world
Old World monkeys live in Africa and Asia. When the Americas were discovered, people called the western hemisphere the New World. Europe and the rest of the known lands were called the Old World. That is why monkeys of the Americas are called New World monkeys and those from Africa and Asia are called Old World monkeys.
The Old World
the Old World and the New World Europe and the Americas
There are no synonyms for Europe, artistically it is sometimes called "the old continent".
Broccoli is from the old world, it has been grown in Europe for hundreds of years
Cheese is from the old world. It was being made in Europe thousands of years ago.
The explorers were from Europe.
Africa, Europe and Asia.
Nice is in France, which is in Europe, which is the "Old World".
The New World are the continents of North and South America while the Old World has the continents Asia, Europe, and Africa.