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There were several reasons why Britain decided to utilise New South Wales as a place to send its excess prisoners.
Conditions in England in the 18th century were tough: the industrial revolution had made it harder for people to earn an honest wage as simpler tasks were replaced by machine labour. Unemployment rose, and consequently, so did crime, especially the theft of basic necessities such as food and clothing. The authorities elected to clamp down heavily on people for minor penalties, hoping to stem the tide of rising crime.
The British prison system was soon full to overflowing, and a new place had to be found to ship the prison inmates. The American colonies were no longer viable, following the American war of Independence. England had resorted to using old ships - hulks - to place the convicts at night, but they were extremely unhealthy and overcrowded. Also, the West Indies and Africa were unsuitable due to disease and climate, and India already crowded.
Following Captain Cook's voyage to the South Pacific in 1770, the previously uncharted continent of New Holland proved to be suitable. Cook had claimed the eastern half of the continent for England, naming it "New South Wales", and determined that a small bay in the south which he named "botany Bay" would present the ideal conditions for a penal colony.
A colony which established Britain's claim on Australia would also help expand the British Empire and provide a physical presence in the south Pacific. This held both strategic and economic/trade advantages for England. Also, the presence of a colony would enable England to lay claim to Australia during a time when France was rapidly expanding its empire as well. Further, there were natural resources which England hoped to use from Australia.
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did Castro empty his jails and send the prisoners to the us?
Yes, In 1980 he opened the gates in cuba so that 125 thousand Cubans who wanted to leave could do so. But he also brought along prisoners from his jails which was about 25 thousand of them.
What rhymes with Wales?
Tails, snails, rails, bales, scales, fails, trails."Fails" and "jails" rhyme with Wales.
Are people barefoot in prison?
Most juvenile jails require prisoners be barefoot when locked in their cells. They leave their shoes outside in the hall. Some counties in the south make their prisoners go barefoot, including going to court barefoot and in full chains.
Did Maya have jails?
Yes, the ancient Maya civilization had confinement facilities for prisoners, but they were not like modern jails. These facilities were usually used for temporary holding of prisoners, and punishment was often carried out through other means such as fines, corporal punishment, or exile.
How many meals does a county jail have to provide?
A county jail provides meals for the number of prisoners in the jail. This would vary from jail to jail. Some jails have more prisoner occupancy than other jails.
Why is the Atlantic ocean called the sea of darkness?
They called the Atlantic Ocean the "Sea of Darkness." In order to get enough men, Columbus finally had to take prisoners from jails. These men were not easy to handle.
Why was the civil war more devastating in the south?
Yes, because nearly all the battles were in the South, and in the last stages, Sherman was waging 'total war' on civilians. However, after Grant ended prisoner-exchanges, the Union prisoners in Andersonville suffered extreme privations, worse than anything the Confederate prisoners experienced in Northern jails.
Does Switzerland have jails and prisons?
Yes, Switzerland has jails and prisons where individuals convicted of crimes serve their sentences. The country adheres to a system of incarceration for punishment and rehabilitation of offenders, consistent with its legal framework and human rights principles.
How prisoner differ from convicted offender?
The treatment of prisoners is no different, one from the other, whether they are convicted or not. Jails and prisons are VERY regimented institutions and EVERONE IS TREATED THE SAME.
What is the reason for prison hulks?
To provide readily available and relocatable accommodation for prisoners when the jails were overflowing and exporting them to America was stopped by the War of Independence, decommissioned ships were used.
What problem were the British trying to overcome when they sent their prisoners to Australia. Was there any benefits gained for the British?
The main problem which Britain was trying to overcome by sending its prisoners to Australia was the issue of the many overcrowded jails. During the 18th century, British prisons were overcrowded with people charged with minor offences. This was an attempt to crack down on rampant crime as people sought to survive unemployment in the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution meant that the development of machines displaced many people from their employment, and the only way to survive was to steal food and other basic necessities. However, because of this, the prisons were so overcrowded that people were even held on hulk - old prison ships - moored along the Thames. Britain had originally been able to send convicts to America, but the American War of Independence stopped that. An alternative had to be found. James Cook and Sir Joseph Banks had recommended Botany Bay (New South Wales) after their exploration of the region in 1770. The authorities in Britain decided to act on this recommendation, sending the First Fleet of convict in 1787, who then arrived in New South Wales in 1788. In addition, because Australia was so far away, there was little chance of the convicts getting back to Britain. There were numerous other benefits as well. By sending the excess prisoners to the other side of the world, Britain was able to expand its empire, and prevent the French from gaining a foothold in the Australian continent or in that part of the Pacific. In addition, by claiming the continent, Briatin would benefit from commercial and political gains by using Australia's resources. Britain also needed a port in the East to promote trade with China and to extend its naval and commercial power.
What jait did Nelson Mandela go to?
Nalson Mandela had gone to several jails but the longest period of time in jail was at the jail for mentally, thieves,and political prisoners in Robben Island
