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Located atop three tectonic plates (North American, Pacific and Cocos Plates), Mexico is one of the most geologically active regions of Earth. This has resulted in a varied topography, which includes the three Sierra Madre mountain ranges, the Mexican Altiplano and the flat lands around the Yucatan Peninsula. Also, The Tropic of Cancer (23° 26' 22'' N) effectively divides the country into northern temperate and southern subtropical zones.

Some of Mexico's major physical features include:

  • The eastern, western and southern mountain ranges known as Sierra Madre Oriental, Sierra Madre Occidental and Sierra Madre del Sur, respectively.
  • The Mexican Central Plateau or Mexican Altiplano, delimited by these three mountain ranges.
  • The flat, triangular-shaped peninsula known as Yucatan peninsula, to the south bordering Guatemala and Belize.
  • The Baja California peninsula, also known as Baja, is the long but thin land mass to the northwest, connected to the top of Mexico but separated from most of the mainland by the Gulf of California or Sea of Cortes.
  • The Gulf of Mexico, located at the eastern side of Mexico from the Mexico-Texas border down to the Yucatan peninsula.
  • The Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts, spanning most of northwestern Mexico from the Baja California peninsula to the Sierra Madre Oriental mountain range.
  • Several active and inactive volcanoes, such as the Popocatepetl (5426 m/17802 ft), Iztaccihuatl (5230 m/17159 ft), Paricutin (2800 m/9186 ft), Chichon (1205 m/3953 ft) and Pico de Orizaba (5636 m/18491 ft).
  • There are any lakes and rivers in Mexico. The Rio Grandeor Rio Bravo del Norte which defines most of the US-Mexico border is the largest and most known river; Lake Chapala in central-western Mexico is the largest lake.
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10y ago
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12y ago

You can find deserts, low-lying grasslands, plains, jungles, temperate lands, forests and snow-capped mountains. With the possible exception of polar climates (Tundra, taiga, polar) you can find almost any climate in Mexico.

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12y ago

Hilly and arid.

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Q: What kind of landscape is in Mexico?
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