by rapes
The European capital that is furthest south is Valletta, the capital of Malta.
This is Indonesia.
Just two of them: Canada and the United States. You can count Greenland, however that is not a country but a Danish territory.
European countries controlled territory in all continents through colonization and imperialism. For example, the UK controlled territory in Africa, Asia, and the Americas; France had colonies in Africa and Southeast Asia; and Spain had colonies in South America.
The Netherlands Spain Portugal France and Britain still own territory in South America.
Greece and Turkey.
Hawaii is the furthest south of all the U.S. states.
What kind of question
North and South America were both split amongst European countries during the First Age of Imperialism. During the Second Age of Imperialism, Africa and most of Asia were split amongst European countries. Australia was fully a British territory. Antarctica is currently partially claimed by 7 countries (3 of which are European), but in the future, a fourth (Russia) may claim land as well.
The Cordillera.
Antarctica reaches the furthest south of any continent.