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The Pashto alphabet has 44 letters.

Below are the letters of the Pashto alphabet. The Southern (S), Central (C) and Northern (N) dialects of Pashto are included.

Contextual forms

Name

IPA

ALA-LC Romaniz.

Isolated

End

Middle

Beginning

آ‎, ا‎

ـﺎ‎

ـ

ـ

alif

[ɑ], [ʔ]

ā, ʾ

ب‎

ـﺐ‎

ـﺒـ‎

بـ‎

be

[b]

b

پ‎

ـﭗ‎

ـﭙـ‎

پـ‎

pe

[p]

p

ت‎

ـﺖ‎

ـﺘـ‎

تـ‎

te

[t̪]

t

ټ‎

ـټ‎

ـټـ‎

ټـ‎

ṭe

[ʈ]

ث‎

ـﺚ‎

ـﺜـ‎

ثـ‎

se

[s]

ج‎

ـﺞ‎

ـﺠـ‎

جـ‎

jīm

[d͡ʒ]

j

چ‎

ـﭻ‎

ـﭽـ‎

چـ‎

če

[t͡ʃ]

ch

ح‎

ـﺢ‎

ـﺤـ‎

حـ‎

he

[h] / [x]

خ‎

ـﺦ‎

ـﺨـ‎

خـ‎

xe

[x]

kh

څ‎

ـڅ‎

ـڅـ‎

څـ‎

ce[]

[t͡s] / [s]

ځ‎

ـځ‎

ـځـ‎

ځـ‎

źim

[d͡z] / [z]

ż

د‎

ـﺪ‎

ـ

ـ

dāl

[d̪]

d

ډ‎

ـډ‎

ـ

ـ

ḍāl

[ɖ]

ﺫ‎

ـﺬ‎

ـ

ـ

zāl

[z]

ﺭ‎

ـﺮ‎

ـ

ـ

re

[r]

r

ړ‎

ـړ‎

ـ

ـ

ṛe

[ɺ̢] (, ɭ̆), [ɻ]

ﺯ‎

ـﺰ‎

ـ

ـ

ze

[z]

z

ژ‎

ـﮋ‎

ـ

ـ

že

[ʒ] / [d͡z]

zh

ږ‎

ـږ‎

ـ

ـ

ǵe (C, N) / ẓ̌e (S)

[ʐ] (S) / [ʝ] (C) / [ɡ] (N)

ẓh (S) / g'h (C) / g (N)

س‎

ـﺲ‎

ـﺴـ‎

سـ‎

sīn

[s]

s

ش‎

ـﺶ‎

ـﺸـ‎

شـ‎

šīn

[ʃ]

sh

ښ‎

ـښ‎

ـښـ‎

ښـ‎

x̌īn (C, N) / ṣ̌īn (S)

[ʂ] (S) / [ç] (C) / [x] (N)

ṣh (S) / k'h (C) / kh (N)

ص‎

ـﺺ‎

ـﺼـ‎

صـ‎

swād

[s]

ض‎

ـﺾ‎

ـﻀـ‎

ضـ‎

dwād / zwād

[z], [d̪]

ط‎

ـﻂ‎

ـﻄـ‎

طـ‎

twe

[t̪]

ظ‎

ـﻆ‎

ـﻈـ‎

ظـ‎

zwe

[z]

ع‎

ـﻊ‎

ـﻌـ‎

عـ‎

ayn

[ʔ]

ʻ

غ‎

ـﻎ‎

ـﻐـ‎

غـ‎

ğayn

[ɣ]

gh

ف‎

ـﻒ‎

ـﻔـ‎

فـ‎

fe

[f] / [p]

f

ق‎

ـﻖ‎

ـﻘـ‎

قـ‎

qāf

[q] / [k]

q

ک‎

ـک‎

ـکـ‎

کـ‎

kāf

[k]

k

ګ‎

ـګ‎

ـګـ‎

ګـ‎

gāf

[ɡ]

g

ل‎

ـﻞ‎

ـﻠـ‎

لـ‎

lām

[l]

l

م‎

ـﻢ‎

ـﻤـ‎

مـ‎

mīm

[m]

m

ن‎

ـﻦ‎

ـﻨـ‎

نـ‎

nūn

[n]

n

ڼ‎

ـڼ‎

ـڼـ‎

ڼـ‎

nūṇ

[ɳ]

و‎

ـﻮ‎

ـ

ـ

wāw

[w], [u], [o]

w, ū, o

ه‎

ـﻪ‎

ـﻬـ‎

هـ‎

gərda he

round

[h]/[ʔ], [a], [ə]

h, a, ə

ي‎

ـﻲ‎

ـﻴـ‎

يـ‎

klaka ye

hard

[j], [i]

y, ī

ې‎

ـﯥ‎

ـﯧـ‎

ېـ‎

pasta ye

soft

[e]

e

ی‎

ـی‎

ـ

ـ

nārīna ye

masculine

[ai], [j]

ay, y

ۍ‎

ـۍ‎

ـ

ـ

x̌əźīna ye

feminine

[əi]

ạy

ئ‎

ـئ‎

ـئـ‎

ئـ‎

fāiliya ye

verbal

[əi], [j]

ạy, y

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