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How did sir Henry Parkes help in transporting convicts to Australia?
Sir Henry Parkes had no influence in helping transport convicts to Australia. On the contrary, he was significant in stopping the transportation of convicts. For example, Parkes was one of the demonstrators who gathered at Sydney Cove in 1849 when the ship Hashemy arrived with more convicts.
How many convicts came to Australia?
As near as can be determined from records, it is believed that a total of around 162,000 convicts came to Australia, from the time of the First Fleet in 1788 until the cessation of transportation with the final shipload of convicts to Western Australia in 1868.
Why did 247 marines accompany the first fleet to Australia?
The marines were required to guard the convicts, and to help keep law and order in the new colony.
When did the earliest settlers arrive in Australia?
Australia's first European settlers arrived in Australia on 26 January 1788. These early seetlers were primarily convicts from England, together with the officers and marines sent with them to help keep order and establish the new colony.
What was famous about Australia's history?
Australia has an interesting history with many unique aspects. To begin with, the country was founded by British convicts, along with the officers sent to supervise the establishment of a new colony. The states of New South Wales, Tasmania and Queensland were all established by convicts, while the convict-founded Victoria colony initially failed. Western Australia was not founded by convicts, but the request was made for convicts to help boost the labour force and population 15 years after it was settled: only South Australia has no direct convict history. Colonisation ultimately led to the displacement of the indigenous people, and a great many atrocities perpetrated upon the Aborigines. Many brave men explored the interior of Australia, enduring harsh and unfamiliar terrain in order to expand the possibilities for settlement. In many cases they were assisted by Aborigines, but in some cases they endured hostile attacks. The physical, economic and cultural landscape of Australia was forever altered with the goldrushes which began in the 1850s. The goldrushes gave Australia the economic and political confidence to aim for Federation, in which the individual colonies joined as a single nation. Federation marked the beginning of Australia's long journey to achieve complete independence from Britain.
What did the first fleet prisoners do in Australia?
The convicts of the First Fleet had numerous tasks. They were required to clear the land of trees and rocks; cut stone and construct buildings; quarry stone for roads; plough the soil and plant seed; and numerous other trades to help build the colony up to the point of being self-sufficient.
How would Australia be different if the convicts didn't come to Australia?
Australia would almost certainly have been different. Many states of Australia were founded and settled by convicts. It is also conceivable that the French might have settled the continent first, as they were showing interest in various locations around Australia. Instead of English being the main language in Australia, quite possible French would be the main language. Having such a large number of convicts in Australia possibly contributed to the absence of the "class" structure that was prevalent in England, and still is, to some degree. There is a very strong sense of mateship, of loyalty to one's friends, borne out of the need to group together and work hard to overcome hardship. Australians do not keep themselves separate from those in need, but always pitch in and help whenever there is a natural disaster (which is often).
How did the removal of convicts affect Australia?
The Swan River colony (Western Australia), established on Australia's western coast in 1829, was begun as a free settlement. For the first fifteen years, the people of the colony were generally opposed to accepting convicts, although the idea was occasionally debated, especially by those who sought to employ convict labour for building projects. Eventually convicts did come to Western Australia, and they were used as a cheap form of labour for many projects.
What was the health like with the convicts on the first fleet?
The health of the First Fleet convicts was surprisingly good, and better than subsequent fleets. Captain Arthur Phillip considered the needs of the convicts, ensuring that there was sufficient lime juice to help prevent scurvy. Phillip did not condone violence towards or abuse of the convicts. The First Fleet had the best record of all the other fleets for health and treatment of the convicts.
How did the British convicts return home once their sentence was completed?
They didn't! Almost all of them stayed in Australia and used the opportunity to build a new life. +++ Some returned home, most famously the "Tolpuddle Martyrs", six English farm labourers convicted of swearing an oath of mutual help - a serious offence at the time - but NOT as you'll often read or hear, for "forming a trade union". They were eventually pardoned after a public outcry.
Why were there so many convicts in Australia?
In the erly Victorian age of the U.K. anyone convicted of a felony was transported to Australia. The polcy was known as 'Transportation'. There were thousands of people(convicts) transported under this policy. Hence Australia became a 'nation of convicts'. If one continued to comit felonies in Australia, they were then transported to Norfolk Island, a penal colony. A very small island some 1200 miles east of the Queensland cost of Australia. I have been there and can assure you that it is only about 2 1/2 miles long and 1 mile wide. The Europeans(Australians) , who live there are very pround of their penal past history.
Is it illegal to commit suicide in western Australia?
Attempting suicide is not a criminal offense in Western Australia. However, it is highly recommended to seek help from mental health professionals and support services if you or someone you know is struggling with thoughts of suicide. There are resources available to provide assistance and support during difficult times.
