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Who did the Emancipation Edict issued by Czar Alexander II free?
Tsar Alexander II freed the serfs in Russia in 1861.
Did Tsar Alexander II of Russia free the serfs?
Yes, he did, although the serfs weren't happy with the "freedom" they got and the landowners weren't happy with how they got it. Alexander II was assassinated, but it wasn't necessarily because of freeing the serfs.
What was the need to emancipate the surfs in Russia?
A complete revolution was needed to free the serfs of Russia. However, that freedom did not last long and ended up being worse for them.
Which emperor decided to free the serfs?
Tsar Alexander II "freed" the serfs in 1861, which sounded well and good but they weren't truly freed. In order to provide the "freed" serfs with land to work and live on, the Russian government took land from the owners, paid them for it then turned it over to village collectives called mirs. The serfs were part of the mir and were required to repay the Russian government over a 49 year period. The "free" serfs could not leave the land until the government was fully paid. Neither the landowners nor the serfs were happy with the situation. Alexander II was later assassinated in 1881.
What did emancipation manifesto'' DO?
set serfs free and gave them land
Who was the czar who freed the serfs?
Tsar Alexander II "freed" the serfs. He didn't free them entirely though. Serfs were bound to the land they worked on rather to the owners of the land. Alexander II had the Russian government buy some land from the owners and gave the land to the "freed" serfs in collective in each village. The serf remained bond to the land until he repaid the government the money it had paid to the owners over a 49 year period of time. A serf could leave the land but would have no land to work.
What country was the last to free the serfs?
The last countries to free serfs (as opposed to slaves) were Tibet and Bhutan, in 1959. The last serfs freed in Europe were in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 1918. Please see the link below.
Russian czar who freed the serfs?
Tsar Alexander II "freed" the serfs in 1861, but the serfs were still bound to the land for another 49 years. The Russian government took land from the landowners and paid them for it. This land was put into collectives and each serf had to make enough money over the next 49 years to repay the government the money it had given to the landowners. Once the debt was paid off the serf was free to leave if he wanted. Alexander II was assassinated in 1881.
Freeing the serfs did what for the Russians?
In practical effects, it did nothing. Serfs were bound to the land that they worked. When Tsar Alexander II issued the Emancipation Manifesto it freed the serfs but created economic conditions that made it impractical to leave. The Russian government took land from the owners but paid them for it. Then the serfs were required to repay the government with what were called "redemption payments." Typically, redemption took about 49 years. Serfs were free to leave but if they did leave they had no land to work. Many left for the cities to work in factories instead. If former serfs wanted to own their own farms, they had to pay the redemption payments first.
Did Peter the Great free the serfs yes or no?
No, he did not. Tsar Alexander II freed the serfs. Peter made some advances in serfdom. He said families coudl not be pulled apart and sold and he would not let serf owners retain their estates if they were excessively cruel. But the reforms he made in the dress and manners of Russians applied only to aristocrats and in the end without wanting to he started the two culture system in Russia leading to further abuse and a revolution. He believed that serfs belonged on the land but allowed factory owners to have serfs and also made prostitutes in lieu of jail, work in factories. Serfdom as an uncommon institution in Russia had existed since 1000. But real serfdom where the serfs could not leave, had to pay an aristocrat, and owners were given 15 years to find escapees had only been in existance for 150 years before Peter was born. They were freed in 1861, 178 years after Peter was born.
What reforms did Alexander II bring to Russia?
Alexander II's most important reform was the emancipation of the serfs and the ending of that system. Although "serfdom" itself was abolished, the former serfs were not simply given the land they had been working for the benefit of the owners of that land. Some of those lands were taken from the owners and put together in communal sites called mirs run by the village. The government paid the landowners but made the mirs repay the government over 49 years. This effectively bound the now free serfs to the mir instead of the owners. Alexander also Westernized the Russian judicial system, gave more freedom to the universities and allowed some local self-government through elected councils called 'zemstvos.' He was assassinated in 1881.
How were serfs different from freemen?
Serfs were slaves tied to the land and lord and nothing would free them. Freemen were peasants who had bought their freedom.
