mexico
Which Caribbean islands? Mexico's Yucatan peninsula touches the Caribbean sea. The closest "Caribbean island" would be Cozumel, some 16 km (10 miles) off Mexico's shore.
No, Haiti is one of the Caribbean islands
Yes, Americans (assuming you are an American) now need a passport to enter Mexico, Canada, and all islands in the Caribbean. You might possibly even need a visa to enter, check with the Haitian embassy in Washington.
There are some colombian islands it could be them or the cayman islands
Mexico, Caribbean Islands, and South America.
To fly into Mexico you HAVE to have a passport. As of right now the only way you can get into Mexico without a passport is by land travel, but that will change as of Summer 2009. As of Summer 2009 you will need a passport for any land travel into Mexico and Canada.
below Mexico north of south America
I guess you mean "passport". No, without a valid passport you cannot leave Mexico.
It depends on what Caribbean islands are you going to visit, but in general terms, Mexico is a more developed country than most of the Caribbean (i.e: has better health care facilities and trained professionals).
It is known as Latin America, and includes Mexico, Central America, most of South America and some islands in the Caribbean.
No, the Cayman Islands is no where near Mexico. Cayman is located in the Caribbean sea.