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When you lift the receiver on a landline telephone, the telephone switching office has to connect your line to special equipment that turns the clicks (on a rotary-dial or pulse-dial phone) or sounds (on a touch-tone phone) into a telephone number so that it can connect your call. The dial tone is an indication to the caller that the system is ready to accept a telephone number. Normally, you get dial tone immediately when you pick up the phone, but in an emergency when thousands of people are trying to make calls simultaneously, you may have to wait your turn before you get a dial tone.* Also, if you wait a long time without dialing a number, the telephone switch will take you off the dialer circuit so that it can use that equipment for someone else's call; that's when you hear the "howler" that alerts you that your phone has been left off the hook.

The way that a cellphone dials is completely different. You enter the whole number on the phone and press "send," which sends the number as a packet of digital data on a completely different radio channel from the one that carries your voice. Since you aren't ever connected to a dialer circuit, there's no need to have a dial tone.

* In an emergency, when the telephone system is overwhelmed, you should wait to make any non-essential calls. If you must make a call from a landline, pick up the receiver and wait until you get dial tone, even if it takes a minute or more. Do not hang up and pick up again; that will only move you to the back of the queue.

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Q: Why does a landline give dial tone but a cellphone does not?
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