No, unfortunately, it won't. That would be cool, but please don't try it. Cloning is a lot more complex than that, and although starfish can grow new limbs, people cannot. If you cut off your toe, it won't grow back, and it won't grow into a new anything, and you will find it a lot harder to balance.
Peep Toes
no, frog toes stick to anything. they have small hairs on them that enable them to climb, well, anything
Four toes/metacarpals, with two that contact the ground.
yes
Mosquitos have no toes. No arthropod has toes, either. :P Their feet end in small hooks that enable it to stick to any surface.
Yes, when only the toes touch the ground, the foot is usually in a plantarflexed position, where the top of the foot (dorsum) is lifted away from the ground.
No, it will grow back the toes, or it will die of old age.
stand on your toes and stick your lips out
Your toes should be in the 'peep' but should not be hanging over edge of shoe.
6 on each foot
Same time
No, toes do not grow back if they get cut off. Once the tissue is damaged beyond repair, the toe will not regenerate. Medical intervention may be required to treat the injury.