The transmission speed generally is measured by transferring a specific block of data of known size across the transmission medium and timing the duration between initiating transfer and successful receipt of the final datum. For instance, to test the speed of a modem connection, you could create a known file of, say, exactly 1,000,000 bytes, then initiate a transfer of that file across the modem link. If the transfer takes 7 minutes 25 seconds, you have a data rate of 1,000,000 bytes per 7:25, or 2,247 bytes per second.
Data transmission speeds are usually given in bits per second, or bytes per second. For fast connections, this is sometimes expressed as kilobits, megabits, or gigabits per second, or as kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes per second. One must be very certain to indicate whether a data rate is counting bits or bytes, and one must be aware that marketers will try to conceal that difference; a marketing data rate may be expressed in bits per second but made to look like bytes, or it may be expressed as the theoretical maximum data rate, rather than the actual data rate. An example of the latter is the 802.11g wireless networking standard, which is always shown as 54 megabits per second. That is the raw data rate; once signaling overhead, error correction, link control, and other non-data information is excluded, the actual rate for data transfer in a perfect connection is closer to 33 megabits per second.
Baud Rate is generally, if incorrectly, used for modems. Its unit of measurement is usually claimed to be in bits/second.
The actual data rate transfer is measured in bits per second, abbreviated bps.
The baud rate is actually the measure of transitions per second. A 56kbps modem actually only changes its output amplitude, phase, and frequency 1200 times a second, but uses amplitude and phase to encode multiple bits into a single state. The actual baud rate of any modem faster than 1200bps will be about 1200 baud, that being the highest number of transitions per second you can reliably get through a phone line.
Languages aren't measured by rates.
Pulse rates are only measured in how many times per minute your heart beats.
continuous data
Time dependent data
Storage is measured in a hierarchy of bytes.
There are many different things that are measured and tested by the data collected in an experiment. Color changes are one thing that can be measured and tested for example.
data when downloading
Ethernet ports transfer data at rates up to 1000 mbps.
The building monitoring systems in a company are measured at a colocation data centre. The benefit of this is to be effective and efficient for the company.
It is quantitative data.
I suspect that the answer is meant to be qualitative data but that is not a proper answer. Information about the qualitative aspect of data (eg what colour is you hair) is still a measurement. It may not be numerical measurement, but the question states "can't be measured", not "can't be measured numerically".
They are data.