When you get a computer virus your computer may get random pop-ups trying to make you download something or sell something to you. It can also spread itself across your P.C files and make it harder for you to remove it. If you do not have anti-virus software and are an inexperienced online user you should really get an anti-virus or just be more carful of what sites you go on.
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Although the term "virus" has come to refer to a number of malicious software entities (e.g. "Worms" and "trojan horses"). In its true form a "virus" is a program that modifies another program so that the target program contains a copy of itself. On execution of the program, the virus (just being program code itself) executes and finds one or more other programs to "infect" with a copy of itself. You can see the relationship to biological viruses, which hijack the reproductive mechanisms of a cell to produce more viral DNA.
Besides replicating themselves, viruses usually do something malicious. Because the virus is running program code, the virus can do whatever any program on the computer can do, including sending information over the internet to a collector, sending keystrokes so that someone can access your accounts, deleting files, etc. Some less malicious viruses don't do much more than display a message or animation, or do nothing but consume the computer's resources in replicating itself. In one word I will say that virus can corrupt data, delete your computer programs, steal data resulting computer into an unusable machine.
There are many different effects that viruses can have on your computer, depending on the type of virus. Some viruses can give you fake pop ups which tell you to buy non-existant antivirus software, some can monitor what you are doing (as in whoever gave you the virus can watch what you are doing), some can slow down your computers performance, some can download porn and illegal files (such as security numbers, secret government files, child porn, stuff that criminals could frame you with) onto your computer without you being able to delete them, and other severe ones include the person/ people that gave you the viruses being able to steal files from your computer, steal passwords, date of births, and bank account details, which will allow them to steal money from your bank accounts. Viruses are extremely dangerous - be wary of using the internet.
Computer Viruses can be very damaging to a computer and can even cause them to stop working completely. The most common errors they cause include delayed start-up and slow processing.
It can...
1) Crash the computer by overloading it
2) Erase all Data
3) fail it to boot
4) simply print a embarrassing message.