For shooting landscapes, a wide angle lens is best, such as the Canon EF 35mm f/1.4L USM Wide Angle Lens. It will allow you to capture more of the landscape.
It depends on the range of the zoom, the size of the film format, and to some degree, the opinion of the photographer. For 35mm cameras, 50mm is considered "normal", and any lens that goes from about 50% shorter AND longer than that can be consdered a zoom that works as both wide and telephoto. An example of this school of thought is a 28mm - 80mm lens. However, for some people, that is not extreme enough to qualify. There are some "superzooms" that range from wide-angle to telephoto in the same lens - the 18-200mm range is available from Nikon and Sigma.
For basic photography you would do well with a basic zoom lens. Just a short zoom lens should handle most photographs for a casual photographer.
A zoom lens is a feature included on many digital camers. On traditional, manual cameras, the zoom lens was attached to the primary lens or used in place of the primary lens. Most digital camers have some type of zoom lens. This allows the individual to "zoom" in on an object, somewhat like binoculars, for a closer view and photo. On traditional cameras, the zoom had to me worked manually, by turning the lens or by extending it by hand.
Any lens which is wider than about 28mm all the way upto 10mm is called a wide angle. However, some lens manufacturers will add some zoom capability to their lens, e.g., 10mm to 20mm from Sigma, or 12mm-24mm from Nikon or some go even more extreme like 18mm-200mm from some manufacturers...
A zoom lens is a lens of a camera which contains a mechanical assembly of inner lenses, which allow the focal length of the camera to be rapidly altered.
The lens of a digital camera has a certain focal length, expressed in mm. For example, a 50mm lens has a field of view that approximates what we see with our eyes looking straight ahead. A 25mm wide-angle lens has a field of view that approximates what we see with our eyes when we turn our head from side to side. The shorter the focal length of a lens, the wider the field of view. The longer the focal length of a lens, e.g. 300mm, the narrower the field of view. Of course, a narrow field of view is equivalent to zooming in to a far object, like when we look into binoculars. A lens can either have a fixed focal length, e.g. 25mm, 50mm, 300mm, etc. or can have a range of focal lengths, e.g. 25mm - 100mm, 50mm - 300mm, etc. A lens that has a range of focal lengths is called a zoom lens. The zoom factor of the lens is calculated by dividing the maximum focal length by the minimum focal length. That zoom factor is the "X" you are referring to. For example: 1. A 25mm - 100mm lens is a 100/25 = 4x zoom lens. 2. A 50mm - 300mm lens is a 300/50 = 6x zoom lens. 3. A 50mm - 200mm lens is also a 200/50 = 4x zoom lens. 4. A 100mm - 400mm lens is also a 400/100 = 4x zoom lens. So knowing the zoom factor of a lens alone does not tell you what its minimum and maximum focal lengths are. Both examples 1, 3 and 4 above are 4x zoom lenses, but example 1 has a minimum focal length that is a wide-angle and allows us to take wide landscape shots or include all our classmates in one shot. Example 4 has a maximum focal length that is a long telephoto and allows us to bring far object near.
Camera lenses can be very expensive. Amazon.com features many different ultra wide zoom lenses starting at around $199. The prices vary widely, so it would be best to see exactly what lens will work for you by searching the Amazon site.
There are many types of Canon camera lenses, and within each type there is a wide range of prices and quality available. Canon offers lenses in standard zoom, ultra wide zoom, telephoto, as well as wide angel and macro lenses.
A zoom lens with a big range, from slightly wide-angle to long telephoto. The 20 measures the range, some lenses are not so strong, say 10x.
Optical zoom cameras are used to take a shot in which a far-away object appears both prominently and clearly. Essentially you need a decent zoom lens to obtain this ability, and a good camera with a widely-adjustable lens offers this feature.
A zoom lens you can go from one focal length to another such as 70-200mm and a fixed is one focal length such as 50mm