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Liver

The liver is a reddish brown gland that secretes digestive juices to aid in the digestion and absorption of food.

1,947 Questions

Can a doctor tell you how long a person live with a liver damage?

Doctors are not gods. They do not know how long anyone will live. Every person is an individual. Doctors can only give you estimates based on the average response to a condition. Sometimes this is a very bad idea because it can cause people to lose hope and give up, leading to an earlier death than would have occurred without "knowing" how long they had to live.

How long will a transplanted liver last?

Usually around 8 hours, but it varies between 6 - 14.

What is the effect of alcohol on the liver?

Drinking large amounts of alcohol over a long period of years can scar the liver. However, drinking alcohol in moderation is associated with better health and greater longevity than abstaining from alcohol.

What does the gallbladder do for the liver in fetal pigs?

The gallbladder is connected to the liver. The liver creates bile which helps in the digestion of fats. The bile is stored in the gallbladder and then the gallbladder excretes it through the common bile duct, into the duodenum (small intestine) where it is put to use. During the storage of the bile, it becomes more concentrated.

In humans, people can develop gallstones (similar to kidney stones in one's kidney) and results in the gallbladder being removed. People can live normally without the gallbladder as it is not an essential organ in the digestive system.

(Note** The digestive system of a pig is almost identical to that of a human)

Why is the liver important?

The liver performs over 500 functions in the body. Some are listed below:

* Storage of fat-soluble vitamins * Manufacture of proteins * De-amination and production of urea

* Storage of glycogen * Metabolism of fats * Metabolism of carbohydrates * Detoxification * Production of RBC in embryos * Breakdown of RBC and production of bile pigments

* Production of bile for emulsification and easy digestion of fats
Because it filters out all of the medicine and alcohol you intake

Why is the liver called a secondary organ of excretion?

They are bothe considered excretory organs because they get rid of unwanted toxins from the body. when we sweat we are exreting through the skin and the liver excretes bile. Have you ever thrown up when you were really hungry you realise that its green that is what bile is, it is stored in the gall bladder. Have you ever noticed that your sweat is salty?

Can a living 12 year old donate a liver?

No I believe that u have to be at least 18, like donating blood. But definitely no 12.

Does the liver absorb protein?

Yes, the stomach does absorb water, especially when a large amount of water is consumed. However, most of the water that is consumed is still absorbed by the ileum (the last part of the small intestine) as well as the in the colon.

What substances do liver produce?

The various functions of the liver are carried out by the liver cells or hepatocytes. Currently, there is no artificial organ or device capable of emulating all the functions of the liver. Some functions can be emulated by liver dialysis, an experimental treatment for liver failure. The liver is thought to be responsible for up to 500 separate functions, usually in combination with other systems and organs.

Synthesis

Further information: Proteins produced and secreted by the liver

A CT scan in which the liver and portal vein are shown.

A large part of amino acid synthesis

The liver performs several roles in carbohydrate metabolism:

Gluconeogenesis (the synthesis of glucose from certain amino acids, lactate or glycerol)

Glycogenolysis (the breakdown of glycogen into glucose)

Glycogenesis (the formation of glycogen from glucose)(muscle tissues can also do this)

The liver is responsible for the mainstay of protein metabolism, synthesis as well as degradation.

The liver also performs several roles in lipid metabolism:

Cholesterol synthesis

Lipogenesis, the production of triglycerides (fats).

A bulk of the lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver.

The liver produces coagulation factors I (fibrinogen), II (prothrombin), V, VII, IX, X and XI, as well as protein C, protein S and antithrombin.

In the first trimester fetus, the liver is the main site of red blood cell production. By the 32nd week of gestation, the bone marrow has almost completely taken over that task.

The liver produces and excretes bile (a yellowish liquid) required for emulsifying fats. Some of the bile drains directly into the duodenum, and some is stored in the gallbladder.

The liver also produces insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a polypeptide protein hormone that plays an important role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults.

The liver is a major site of thrombopoietin production. Thrombopoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that regulates the production of platelets by the bone marrow.

Breakdown

The breakdown of insulin and other hormones

The liver glucoronidates bilirubin, facilitating its excretion into bile.

The liver breaks down or modifies toxic substances (e.g., methylation) and most medicinal products in a process called drug metabolism. This sometimes results in toxication, when the metabolite is more toxic than its precursor. Preferably, the toxins are conjugated to avail excretion in bile or urine.

The liver converts ammonia to urea (urea cycle).

Other functions

The liver stores a multitude of substances, including glucose (in the form of glycogen), vitamin A (1-2 years' supply), vitamin D (1-4 months' supply), vitamin B12 (1-3 years' supply), iron, and copper.

The liver is responsible for immunological effects-the reticuloendothelial system of the liver contains many immunologically active cells, acting as a 'sieve' for antigens carried to it via the portal system.

The liver produces albumin, the major osmolar component of blood serum.

The liver synthesizes angiotensinogen, a hormone that is responsible for raising the blood pressure when activated by renin, an enzyme that is released when the kidney senses low blood pressure.

Which test is not a liver function test?

A complete blood count differential is an example of a non-liver function test.

A liver panel, on the other hand, consisting of different liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP; separately billirubin both conjugated and unconjugated, albumin, and total protein), is a liver test.

Why does liver and hydrogen peroxide exothermic?

Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidising agent, and oxidation is an exothermic reaction. The liver is being oxidised.

How long does it take to repair your liver?

The liver begins to regenerate almost immediately. Most of the regeneration occurs in the first two weeks after transplant surgery, followed by a slower phase of growth over the next year. (see related link)

What causes growths on your liver?

abdominal pain

weight loss

nausea

vomiting

large mass can be felt in upper, right part of abdomen

fever

jaundice - yellowing of the skin and eyes

These are the symptoms for this illness the main couses is alcoholism

Why is the liver larger?

because it does a lot of jobs. there is so much going on that it needs a lot of space, to store poisons and damaged red blood cells, as well as enzymes, and bile, but it also needs to do a lot of other jobs, and needs space for those to happen.

What is unusual about the blood supply of the liver?

It receives blood from two (2) sources

  1. The Hepatic Artery- it delivers oxygenated blood from the general circulation
  2. The Hepatic Portal Vein-it carries deoxygenated blood containing nutrients from the small intestine.

Is the liver involved in digestion?

Yes, it does.
Liver enzymes are found in normal plasma and serum and can be divided into different groups:
1. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT or SGPT).

2. Alkaline phosphatase (AP) and gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT) are known as cholestatic liver enzymes.
Use of AST, SGOT, ALT, SGPT, AP and GGT are used by many people as a short hand for the enzymes.
There are more enzymes that are involved in blood clotting.

What region is the liver located in?

The Upper Abdomen Region 1 is known as the right hypochondriac region. This area is home to organs such as the liver, gallbladder, right kidney, and small intestine. Region 2 is known as the epigastric region. Here, we have the stomach, liver, and the pancreas

The liver is the first stop for most absorbed nutrients because it?

Because the hepatic portal vein carried blood directly from the small intestine to the liver before going to the heart. Meaning the liver gets all the nutrients in it directly.

What cells are found in the liver?

a little bit higher up above the hip. It would normally be the right hip I believe.

When Nutrients that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream from the digestive tract do they go immediately to the liver?

Nutrients travel from your intestines to your liver in a few simple steps. When nutrients enter your small intestine, the small villi filter out the vital nutrients needed for bodily functions. Then, these nutrients are separated from the other contents - which move on to the large intestine for further filtering - and the nutrients are sent to the capillaries. The capillaries then send the nutrients throughout the blood. The red blood cells then transport the nutrients throughout the body's organs, including the liver!