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Mary White Ovington was born April 11, 1865 in Brooklyn, New York. Her parents, members of the Unitarian Church were supporters of women's rights and had been involved in anti-slavery movement. Educated at Packer Collegiate Institute and Radcliffe College, Ovington became involved in the campaign for civil rights in 1890 after hearing Frederick Douglass speak in a Brooklyn church. In 1895 she helped found the Greenpoint Settlement in Brooklyn. Appointed head of the project the following year, Ovington remained until 1904 when she was appointed fellow of the Greenwich House Committee on Social Investigations. Over the next five years she studied employment and housing problems in black Manhattan. During her investigations she met William Du Bois, an African American from Harvard University, and she was introduced to the founding members of the Niagara Movement. Influenced by the ideas of William Morris, Ovington joined the Socialist Party in 1905, where she met people such as Daniel De Leon, Asa Philip Randolph, Floyd Dell, Max Eastman and Jack London, who argued that racial problems were as much a matter of class as of race. She wrote for radical journals and newspapers such as, The Masses, New York Evening Post, and the New York Call. She also worked with Ray Stannard Baker and influenced the content of his book, Following the Color Line, published in 1908. On September 3, 1908 she read an article written by socialist William English Walling entitled "Race War in the North" in The Independent. Walling described a massive race riot directed at black residents in the hometown of Abraham Lincoln, Springfield, Illinois that led to seven deaths, 40 homes and 24 businesses destroyed, and 107 indictments against rioters. Walling ended the article by calling for a powerful body of citizens to come to the aid of blacks. Ovington responded to the article by writing Walling and meeting at his apartment in New York City along with social worker Dr. Henry Moskowitz. The group decided to launch a campaign by issuing a "call" for a national conference on the civil and political rights of African-Americans on the centennial of Lincoln's birthday, February 12, 1909. Many people responded to the "call" that eventually led to the formation of the National Negro Committee that held its first meeting in New York on May 31 and June 1, 1909. By May, 1910 the National Negro Committee and attendants, at its second conference, organized a permanent body known as the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) where Ovington was appointed as its executive secretary. Early members included Josephine Ruffin, Mary Talbert, Mary Church Terrell, Inez Milholland, Jane Addams, George Henry White, William Du Bois, Charles Edward Russell, John Dewey, Charles Darrow, Lincoln Steffens, Ray Stannard Baker, Fanny Garrison Villard, Oswald Garrison Villard and Ida Wells-Barnett. The following year Ovington attended the Universal Races Congress in London. Ovington remained active in the struggle for women's suffrage and as a pacifist opposed America's involvement in the First World War. During the war Ovington supported Asa Philip Randolph and his magazine, The Messenger, which campaigned for black civil rights. After the war, Ovington served the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People as board member, executive secretary and chairman. The NAACP fought a long legal battle against segregation and racial discrimination in housing, education, employment, voting and transportation. They appealed to the Supreme Court to rule that several laws passed by southern states were unconstitutional and won three important judgments between 1915-1923 concerning voting rights and housing. The NAACP was criticised by some members of the African American community. Booker T. Washington opposed the group because it proposed an outspoken condemnation of racist policies in contrast to his policy of quiet diplomacy behind the scenes. Members of the organization were physically attacked by white racists. John R. Shillady, executive secretary of the NAACP, was badly beaten up when he visited Austin, Texas in 1919. Ovington wrote several books and articles, including a study of black Manhattan, Half a Man (1911); Status of the Negro in the United States (1913); Socialism and the Feminist Movement (1914); an anthology for black children, The Upward Path (1919); biographical sketches of prominent African Americans, Portraits in Color (1927); an autobiography, Reminiscences (1932); and a history of the NAACP, The Walls Come Tumbling Down (1947). Ovington retired as a board member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1947, ending 38 years of service with the organization. She died on July 15, 1951. Mary White Ovington I.S.30 Middle School in Brooklyn, New York was named after Mary White Ovington. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_White_Ovington
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When was Mary White Ovington born?
Mary White Ovington was born in 1865.
Who was the author and founder of NAACP?
Mary white ovington
Was Mary White Ovington African American?
Mary White Ovington was not African American. She was a Caucasian woman. However, she strongly supported civil rights and co-founded the NAACP.
Who created the NAACP-?
Moorfield Storey, Mary White Ovington, and William Edwar Burghardt Du Bois.
Why did Mary Ovington start the NAACP?
Why did Mary Ovington conceive of the NAACP? In one word...Pity. Unlike every other white member of the NAACP (the creators of the NAACP were all white), Mary Ovington not only spent a very considerable amount of time among Negroes (she was a life-long spinster) but even lived among them. No white male or female knew the Negro better than Miss Ovington. She was no doubt very curious and more concerned about why the economic situation of the Negro was so desperate. Mary want to 'help'. To white males, black males lived separate. White and black were separate. Indeed, white and black living separate was even part of our legal code (Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896). Particularly in the South but still very much part of the mind-set of white people in every part of the country, they would not pity the black man. He had to make his own way; and preferably among his own people. Miss Ovington saw differently. She wanted integration for the black man. Because of the separation of white and black, Miss Ovington believe, he (the black man) was made to suffer. Mary Ovington demanded pity. Evidently, Miss Ovington never bothered to consider how it was that in every place the Negroes were present in an urban setting their economic condition was desperate. And the more that came, the more desperate became their condition. How could such desperateness exist everywhere for Negro in the urban areas? But desperation does breed one thing: Pity.
Who formed the NAACP?
Henry Moscowitz, Mary White Ovington, and William English Hall in 1908.
How did the naacp?
The NAACP got involved in the Civil Rights Movement during 1909. After riots in Springfield, the capitol of Illinois, during the summer of 1908, a reporter named William English Walling wrote an article about the trouble. Mary White Ovington, known as the first member, invited him to meet with her in New York. Ovington was a white woman who became involved in the Civil Rights Movement in 1890 after hearing Frederick Douglass speak in a church. She wrote for multiple radical journals and newspapers before becoming executive secretary of the NAACP.
How did Mary Cassatt became famous?
Her painting, The Bath, made her very famous. By: Megan Eckelberry
This person played a role in starting the national association?
One of the pivotal people in the formation of the NAACP was W.E.B. Du Bois. Also pivotal were Ida B. Wells, Henry Moskowitz, Mary White Ovington, and William Walling.
Who in the king family was the founder fo the NAACP chapter?
There were many different founders for the NAACP. Among these are Ida B. Wells, W.E.B. Du Bois, Archibald Grimke, Oswald Garrison Villard, Lillian Wald and Mary White Ovington.
What was Mary anning famous for?
Mary Anning became famous for her work in paleontology. Her findings from the Jurassic marine fossil beds in Lyme Regis would change the view of Earth's history and prehistoric life.
Why was Mary dyer famous?
Mary Dyer lived in the Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony. She violated a rule forbidding Quakers from living in the colony. Mary was a Puritan, but converted and became a Quaker. As a result of violating the law, she was hanged. She is famous for being one of the "Boston Martyrs."
