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The electron transport chain pumps hydrogen ions into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria, creating an electrochemical gradient used by ATP synthase to produce ATP.

During the synthesis of ATP, the flow of hydrogen ions (protons) is from the intermembrane space through the ATP synthase complex into the mitochondrial matrix. This movement of hydrogen ions creates a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

To the intermembrane state :)

By pumping protons into intermembrane space

The intermembrane space of the mitochondria stores a high concentration of H plus ions. This creates a proton gradient that drives the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Protons (H+ ions) end up in the intermembrane space during the electron transport chain. These protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space as electrons flow through the electron transport chain.

The intermembrane space plays a role in cellular respiration by providing a location for the transport of electrons and protons during the production of ATP. It also helps create a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which drives ATP synthesis.

The parts of a chloroplast are thylakoid, grana, inner membrane, outer membrane, intermembrane space, stroma, and stroma.

The parts of a chloroplast are thylakoid, grana, inner membrane, outer membrane, intermembrane space, stroma, and stroma.

The pH in the mitochondrial matrix and intermembrane space plays a crucial role in cellular respiration by regulating the activity of enzymes involved in the process. Maintaining the appropriate pH levels ensures optimal functioning of the electron transport chain and ATP production.

The intermembrane space of the mitochondria has the lowest pH. This area is maintained at a lower pH compared to the mitochondrial matrix, which helps drive ATP production during oxidative phosphorylation.

The pumping of hydrogens from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space

Proton transport occurs in Complex I of the electron transport chain within the mitochondria. As electrons move through the complex, protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

The pH of the intermembrane space in mitochondria plays a crucial role in the production of energy. It helps create a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, which is essential for cellular function. Maintaining the right pH level is important for the proper functioning of mitochondrial enzymes and overall energy production in the cell.

If the hydrogen ion concentration in the intermembrane space and the matrix of a mitochondrion reach equilibrium, ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation would be compromised because the proton gradient necessary for ATP synthase activity would be lost. This gradient is key for the process of chemiosmosis, where protons flow back into the matrix through ATP synthase, driving the production of ATP.

The pH of the mitochondrial intermembrane space plays a crucial role in cellular respiration by helping to create a proton gradient that drives the production of ATP, the cell's main energy source. This gradient is essential for the functioning of the electron transport chain and ATP synthase, key components of the respiration process.

The intermembrane space is the region between the inner and outer membranes of a mitochondrion. It plays a role in the production of ATP through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Protons are pumped into the intermembrane space during electron transport chain reactions, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondria.

The thylakoid

No, the stroma is found in chloroplasts, not mitochondria. In mitochondria, the inner and outer membranes are separated by the intermembrane space.

Phospholipid bilayer (types of phospholipids are Sphingomyelin, Sphingoethanolamin, Sphingoserin, Phosphatidylcholine, Sphingocholine).

In between the phospholipds you also find cholesterol and intermembrane protein.

High concentration of H+ ion in the intermembrane lead to the movement of H+ ions into the inner membrane

12 protons

An area of the inner mitochondrial membrane becomes positively charged as a result of the electron transport chain process during cellular respiration. During this process, protons are pumped across the inner membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient with a higher concentration of protons in the intermembrane space compared to the mitochondrial matrix. This results in a positively charged intermembrane space and a negatively charged matrix.

Hydrogen ions are pumped into the mitochondrion during electron transport. Oxygen is the final acceptor of the electron resulting in the formation of water.

Electrons enter the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion through Complex III in the electron transport chain. They then travel to Complex IV, where they reduce oxygen to form water. Once the electrons have been used in the transport chain, they are returned to the inside of the mitochondrion by pumping protons out of the matrix during oxidative phosphorylation, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.

Mitochondria (singular: mitochondrion) have two membranes, with an intermembrane space between them. The inner membrane is folded to form cristae. The space inside the mitochondria is known as the matrix and is where the reactions happen to make ATP.

The mitochondrial intermembrane space becomes acidic during mitochondrial electron transport due to the pumping of protons from the matrix across the inner membrane to the intermembrane space by complexes I, III, and IV of the electron transport chain. This forms an electrochemical gradient used to generate ATP through ATP synthase.

Mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane - the outer mitochondrial membrane and the inner mitochondrial membrane. The space between these two membranes is called the intermembrane space.

Inside the intermembrane space, there is a buildup of hydrogen ions from the ETC. The hydrogen ions go down the concentration gradient through ATP synthase, producing ATP.

Mitochondria (singular: mitochondrion) have two membranes, with an intermembrane space between them. The inner membrane is folded to form cristae. The space inside the mitochondria is known as the matrix and is where the reactions happen to make ATP.

The carnitine shuttles help transport fatty acyl coA from the cytosol of the cell into the mitochondrial matrix. The acyl group is first transfered to a carnitine and it is catalyzed into fatty acyl-carnitine by carnitine acyltransferease I at the outer mitochondrial membrane. The fatty acyl-carnitine then moves through the intermembrane space of the mitochondria through the transporter carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase. When the acyl group reaches the matrix, it is transferred to mitochondrial CoA, it is catalyzed by carnitine acyltransferase II to reform fatty acyl CoA. The carnitine is regenerated and it moves back to the intermembrane space with the aid of the same transporter.

The energy of the high energy molecules used for every time 2 high energy electrons move down the chain causes the H+ ions to move to the matrix.

Yes, only then can the protons in the intermembrane space move through the ATP synthase into the matrix by diffusion, and as they move through ATP synthase, the enzyme c an harness the available energy thus allowing the phosphorylation of ATP

The energy of the high energy molecules used for every time 2 high energy electrons move down the chain causes the H+ ions to move to the matrix.

First phases of glycosylation of proteins proceeds there, lipids are synthetized there and mainly, intermembrane proteins and proteins to be excreted out from the cell are synthetized into inside of ER (ribosomes synthetizing these proteins land on the ER surface and synthetize new protein directly into ER).

The mitochondria has a double membrane structure. The outer membrane is smooth, while the inner membrane is highly folded into cristae which increase the surface area for energy production. Inside the inner membrane is the matrix where the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation occur.

A mitochondrion consists of outer and inner membranes, an intermembrane space (space in between the membranes), the cristae (infoldings of the inner membrane), and the matrix (space within the inner membrane). The outer membrane contains several porins that form channels. This also contains its' own DNA.

The first electron carrier that pumps hydrogen ions during cellular respiration is NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) in the electron transport chain. It pumps hydrogen ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the matrix to the intermembrane space.

Both facilitated transport and active transport require the substance that passes the membrane to pass through intermembrane proteins. However, unlike active transport, facilitated transport does not require ATP because it is not actively going against the concentration gradient.

H+ ions build up in the stomach, creating an acidic environment essential for digesting food. The stomach lining is designed to handle this acidity without causing damage. The excess H+ ions are eventually neutralized and eliminated by the body.

Plasmodesmata are holes in the cell wall of plants and algae that allow the cellular transfer of of proteins and macromolecules in and out of the cell.

The cell wall does not have gap junctions or intermembrane proteins like the cell membrane does, so the cell needed another way to allow passage into and out of the cell, which is where plasmodesmata developed.

Mitochondria lower the pH of the region of the cell they are in. They do this by pumping protons out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient is essential for ATP production.

H+ ions build up in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria during cellular respiration. This creates a concentration gradient that drives the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Protons are actively pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space during the first electron transport chain. This creates a proton gradient that is essential for ATP production.

The energy released in the mitochondrial electron transport chain is used to transport protons into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. This creates a proton gradient that is utilized by ATP synthase to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Protons (H+ ions) are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane during electron transport in the electron transport chain (ETC). This creates a proton gradient that is used to generate ATP via ATP synthase.

The proton gradient produced by the electron transport chain powers ATP production. This process is called chemiosmosis, in which H+ ions from the thylakoid space (in mitochondria they are in the intermembrane space) pass through ATP synthase to areas of lower concentration (in chloroplasts, the stroma, and in mitochondria, the mitochondrial matrix). As they pass through ATP synthase, the catalytic knob of the ATP synthase is turned. The turning of this knob (which is powered by diffusion of H+ ions) powers the anabolic production of ATP.

During electron transport in the mitochondrion, protons (H+) accumulate in the intermembrane space. This happens as electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient of protons is later utilized by ATP synthase to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.