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Cutan- is the defining root for subcutaneous. The root means "skin."
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This type of waxy layer is called cuticle and contain cutin and cutan.
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Yes it is. If you break the word apart sub- means below and cutan- means skin.
Hypo- means below and -dermis means skin.
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The cuticle of a leaf is primarily made up of cells called epidermal cells. These cells are located on the outer layer of the leaf and secrete a waxy substance that forms the protective cuticle layer.
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The cutaneous membrane, also known as the skin, is composed of two layers: the outer epidermis and the inner dermis. The epidermis is made of stratified squamous epithelium and contains melanocytes, while the dermis is denser and consists of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerves, and glands.
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Short, intermittent exposure to high-intensity sunlight.
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Cutaneous sensory receptors in the skin are part of the somatosensory portion of the nervous system.
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This statement is not accurate. The cutaneous membrane, also known as the skin, is considered an integumentary system organ, not a serous membrane. Serous membranes line body cavities that do not open to the outside and secrete a lubricating fluid to reduce friction.
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Cutaneous skin tags are small, usually harmless (benign) skin growths.
Alternative NamesSkin tags; Acrochordons; Fibroepithelial polyps
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsCutaneous tags are very common skin growths. They usually occur after midlife and are usually harmless and noncancerous (benign). The tag sticks out of the skin and may have a short, narrow stalk connecting it to the surface of the skin.
Cutaneous tags are usually painless and do not grow or change. However, they may be irritated from rubbing by clothing or other materials. Cutaneous skin tags are more common in people who are overweight or who have diabetes. They are thought to occur from skin rubbing against skin, so they commonly form in skin folds.
SymptomsThe only symptom is a growth on the skin. The growth (tag) is usually small, although some may be up to a half-inch long.
Other characteristics include:
- Located on the neck, armpits, trunk, body folds, or other areas
- May have a narrow stalk
- Usually skin-colored, occasionally darker
Diagnosis is based primarily on the appearance of the skin growth. Occasionally, a biopsy may be needed to diagnose an unusual-looking skin tag.
TreatmentTreatment is usually not necessary unless the cutaneous tags are irritating or are cosmetically displeasing. The growths may be removed by surgery, by freezing (cryotherapy), or by electrical burn (cautery).
Expectations (prognosis)Cutaneous tags are generally benign and usually not bothersome. They may become irritated or be cosmetically displeasing. There is usually no regrowth or scar formation after cutaneous tags are removed, although new growths may appear elsewhere on the body.
ComplicationsThere are usually no complications. Occasionally, irritation and discomfort may occur. If cut, they can bleed excessively. The skin tags may be cosmetically unsightly.
Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider if you have cutaneous tags and you want them removed, or if the appearance of a cutaneous tag changes.
ReferencesBenign skin tumors. In: Habif TP, ed.Clinical Dermatology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 20.2 answers
Cutaneous candidiasis is infection of the skin with candida fungus.
Alternative NamesSkin infection - fungal; Fungal infection - skin; Skin infection - yeast; Yeast infection - skin; Intertriginous candidiasis
Causes, incidence, and risk factorsThe body normally hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Some of these are useful to the body, some produce no harm or benefit, and some can cause harmful infections.
Fungal infections are caused by fungi that live on the hair, nails, and outer skin layers. They include mold-like fungi (dermatophytes, which cause tinea infections) and yeast-like fungi (such as candida).
In cutaneous candidiasis, the skin is infected with candida fungi. It is fairly common. Infection can involve almost any skin on the body, but most often it occurs in warm, moist, creased areas such as the armpits and groin. The fungus that most often causes cutaneous candidiasis is Candida albicans.
Candida is the most common cause of diaper rash in infants. The fungi take advantage of the warm, moist conditions inside the diaper. Candida infection is particularly common in people with diabetes and in people who are obese. Antibiotics and oral contraceptives (birth control pills) increase the risk of cutaneous candidiasis. Candida can also cause infections of the nails (onychomycosis) and at the corners of the mouth (angular cheilitis).
Oral thrush, a form of candida infection of the moist lining (mucous membranes) of the mouth, is usually associated with taking antibiotics. It may also be a sign of HIV infection or other immunodeficiency disorders when it occurs in adults. Individuals with candida infections are not usually contagious, though in some settings immunocompromised people can catch the infection.
Candida is also the most frequent cause of vaginal yeast infections, which are extremely common and often associated with antibiotics use.
Symptoms- Itching (may be intense)
- Skin lesion or rash
A diagnosis of cutaneous candidiasis is based mainly on the appearance of the skin, particularly if there are risk factors. Skin scrapings may reveal yeast forms, which usually indicates candida.
TreatmentGeneral hygiene is vital to the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis. Keeping the skin dry and exposed to air is helpful. Weight loss may eliminate the problem in obese people, and good sugar control in diabetics may also be helpful.
Topical (applied directly to the skin) antifungal medications may be used to treat infection of the skin, mouth, or vagina. Oral antifungal medications may be necessary for folliculitis, nail infection, or severe candida infections involving the mouth, throat, or vagina.
Expectations (prognosis)Cutaneous candidiasis is usually treatable. Repeat infections are common.
Complications- Infection of nails may cause nails to become oddly shaped and may cause infection around the nail
- Recurrence (repeat episodes) of candida skin infection
- Widespread (disseminated) candidiasis may occur in immunocompromised individuals
Call for an appointment with your health care provider if you develop symptoms of cutaneous candidiasis.
PreventionGood general health and hygiene help prevent candida infections. Keep the skin clean and dry. Drying powders may help prevent fungal infections in people who are susceptible to them. Weight loss and good sugar control in diabetics may help prevent these infections.
ReferencesKauffman CA. Candidiasis. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds.Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 359.2 answers
Blastomycosis was first reported in 1894 by T. C. Gilchrist,[1] who initially postulated that the disease was caused by a protozoan. In collaboration with Stokes, Gilchrist subsequently isolated the organism, established that the disease was caused by a fungus, and, finally, infected a dog with the newly isolated fungus.[2-4]
1.. Gilchrist TC: Protozoan dermatitis. J Cutan Gen Dis1894; 12:496-499.
2.. Gilchrist TC: A case of blastomycetic dermatitis in man. Johns Hopkins Hosp Rep 1896; 1:269-283.
3.. Gilchrist TC, Stokes WR: The presence of an oidium in the tissues of a case of pseudo-lupus vulgaris. Johns Hopkins Hosp Rep 1896; 7:129-133.
4.. Gilchrist TC, Stokes WR: Case of pseudo-lupus vulgaris caused by Blastomyces. J Exp Med 1898; 3:53-78.
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Oh, dude, editorial writing techniques are just fancy ways writers manipulate words to convince you of their point of view. It's like using persuasive language, strong arguments, and maybe a sprinkle of bias to make you see things their way. But hey, don't worry too much about it, just enjoy the read and take it with a grain of salt!
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