During Jacob's blessing to his son Joseph in Genesis ch.48, he says to him
something to the effect that "I've given you an extra share, compared
to your brothers". (I don't have the text in front of me, and I'm paraphrasing.)
There's no question that when they were all youngsters living back in Canaan,
Jacob always showed outright favoritism toward Joseph, as the first-born son of his
favorite wife. Also, Joseph was arguably the most 'professionally' accomplished son,
having not only risen completely on his own merit to become second in command
next to Pharaoh of Egypt, but having also raised his family completely in accord
with his own father's values and morals, even though none of them had ever seen
Jacob, and they were royals living in a culture that was the complete opposite, to
put it mildly. So Jacob rewarded Joseph with an extra share ... instead of Joseph
producing one tribe in Israel, he produced two tribes, one for each of his sons,
Ephraim and Menasseh.
Answer:
The question is actually not completely correct. Sometimes (as in Numbers ch.1-2) Joseph is replaced by his two sons (as described in the above answer) and Levi is left out (they had a higher status, as described in Numbers ch.2, ch.8, ch.18). But in some other occasions, Levi and Joseph are counted instead of Ephraim and Menasheh (such as Deuteronomy ch.27 and ch.33).
See also the attached Related Question.
Judah
The tribes are: Reuben Simeon Levi Judah Dan Naphtali Gad Asher Issachar Zebulun Joseph Benjamin
Rachel's son is Joseph who was destined to be the leader of Israel's tribes.
The father's lineage is what generally counts.
Aaron belonged to the tribe of Levi.
Joseph was included in the twelve tribes of Israel by having his two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh, each be considered a separate tribe. This was done to maintain the balance of twelve tribes after Joseph himself was excluded.
Biblically speaking, Israel was the name given to Jacob son of Isaac, grandson of Abraham. Literally speaking, the tribes of Israel are named for the twelve sons of Jacob (Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph and Benjamin). Being their father, Jacob/Israel founded them.
The answer below is correct. When Israel (Jacob) came to Egypt, he "adopted" into his clan two of his grandsons, the two eldest sons of Joseph named Ephraim and Manasseh. In doing so, Israel (Jacob) increase the 12 tribes of Israel to 13. This is because rather than simply adding in two more portions, Joseph was given a double portion. Joseph's descendants received two portions of the inheritance (in Ephraim and Manasseh) while the other eleven tribes received only one portion. Ephraim and Manasseh
The prophet Jacob was renamed Israel. Israel had 12 sons who formed the 12 Tribes of Israel. The word Israelite refers to the 12 Tribes of Israel, descendants of Jacob/Israel.
Joseph Israel was born in 1780.
No. All twelve tribes are from Israel. They are known as the twelve tribes of Israel, they all descend from Abraham's grandson who was named Israel. There are some offshoot religions that claim to be one of the tribes, or a "lost tribe" of Israel, but blood tests have proven they do not descend from Israel.
Joseph's tribe is split in two and represented by the descendants of his two sons, Ephraim and Manasseh."...Israel [Jacob] said unto Joseph, I had not thought to see thy face: and, lo, God hath shewed me also thy seed... and Israel stretched out his right hand, and laid it upon Ephraim's head, who was the younger, and his left hand upon Manasseh's head, guiding his hands wittingly; for Manasseh was the firstborn. And HE BLESSED JOSEPH, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day, the Angel which redeemed me from all evil, BLESS THE LADS; and LET MY NAME [Israel] BE NAMED ON THEM, and of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth... And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die: but God shall be with you... moreover I have given thee one portion above thy brethren..." (Gen.48:11-22)."...Joseph is a fruitful bough... the blessings of thy father have prevailed above the blessings of my progenitors unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills: they shall be on the head of Joseph... all these are the twelve tribes of Israel: and this is it that their father spake unto them, and blessed them; every one according to his blessing he blessed them." (Gen.49:22-28)The very name, ISRAEL, is named on the tribe of Joseph above all the other tribes. And when the two kingdoms of the tribes of Israel split after Solomon's death... the ten tribes of the "House of Israel" were headed by Joseph's two tribes, Ephraim and Manasseh, while the "House of Judah" was led by the Jews [the descendants of Judah].