Abbasid Caliphate.
The Caliphate of Cairo
It depends on which Umayyad Caliphate you are talking about.The Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus from 660 C.E. to 750 C.E. was overthrown by a coup d'état led by the Abbassid Family.The Umayyad Caliphate in Cordoba from 711 C.E. to 1038 C.E. ended when the final Caliph, Hisham III, died without any successors.
Akhtal
The Umayyad dynasty was a great Muslin dynasty that ruled the empire of the Caliphate.
I think the term you are looking for is caliphate, and the ruler was called a caliph.
The Fatimid Caliphate, an Islamic caliphate ruled by the Fatimid dynasty, was the Muslim power in Jerusalem before the First Crusade. They controlled Jerusalem and its surrounding territories in the 10th and 11th centuries.
In the seventh century, the Iberian peninsula was ruled by kings from Germanic tribes such as the Vandals and Visigoths. The Umayyad Caliphate ruled Spain beginning in 711.
Both the Spanish and Portuguese were once citizens under the Umayyad Caliphate, back when the Moors ruled the Iberian Peninsula.
Rashidun Caliphate was created in 632.
The capital of the Rightly-Guided Caliphate was MEDINAduring the reigns of Abu Bakr, 'Omar, and 'Othman. They used the infrastructure left over from when Muhammad had ruled the Islamic Polity from Medina. However, when 'Ali took power, he felt that he needed to put his capital in the Upper Middle East, so he moved it to KUFA. After 'Ali's death, the Rightly-Guided Caliphate was abolished by the Umayyads.
Abbasid caliphate -- Baghdad Ummayyad Caliphate- Cordoba