The Rashidun Caliphate under Omar.
The Rashidun Caliphate (the Muslims), led by Caliph Omar, conquered the Levant in 634 C.E. The Rashidun Caliphate would control this territory until the rise of the Umayyad and Abbassid Caliphates. This control last over 300 years.
The one that came right after it and conquered the Iberian peninsula was the Umayyad caliphate. The Umayyad Caliphate was in turn replaced by the Abbassid, Fatimid, Aghlabid, Idrissid, Buyid, Ayyubid, and numerous other Caliphates.
Rashidun Caliphate was the 1st caliph to set out to conquer territory from Byzantines. This happened in the year 632.
Sharifian Caliphate was created in 1924.
Abbasid Caliphate was created in 750.
Caliphate of Córdoba was created in 756.
Sa'ad ibn Waqqas led the Rashidun Caliphate's armies in the conquest of the Sassanian Empire (including Iraq) in 637 C.E.
Prophet Muhammad (S) died in the year 632 and the peak of the Rashidun Caliphate was in 654, when Islam spread from Morocco to Iran.
The SASSANID EMPIRE was defeated at the Battle of Nahavand and all of their territories were annexed by the Rashidun Caliphate.
Yes because the Rashidun Caliphate started at 632 AD and ended in 661 AD so the Umayyad caliphate started and the Umayyad caliphate ended in 749 AD so the Abbasid Caliphate start....
Abu Bakr ruled over the Rashidun Caliphate from 632-634 CE when he became the first Muslim Caliph following Muhammad's death.