The kingdom made up of the ten northern tribes was known as the Kingdom of Israel.
The kingdom of Israel (Ten Tribes; Northern Kingdom) was conquered and exiled by the Assyrians some 2600 years ago. See also the Related Links.Link: Reasons for the DestructionLink: Where are the Ten Tribes
It was the capital of the Northern Kingdom of the Ten Tribes of Israel, yes.
In 722 BCE the Assyrians captured Samaria completing their conquest of the northern Kingdom of Israel and the ten northern tribes. The two southern tribes - Judah and Benjamin were later taken over by Babylon.
The Assyrians, under King Sargon II, deported the ten tribes of the northern kingdom of Israel in the 8th century BCE. This event is commonly known as the Assyrian Captivity.
The 10 tribes broke away from Judah due to political and religious differences. There was a division in the kingdom after the reign of King Solomon, with the northern tribes forming the Kingdom of Israel and the southern tribes forming the Kingdom of Judah. This split was exacerbated by disputes over leadership and worship practices.
Jeroboam was the first king of the rebellious northern tribes, not the kingdom. Israel, as opposed to Judah, was the kingdom, and there were nine tribes that comprised the Kingdom of Israel. (Zebulun, Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, Dan, Manasseh, Ephraim, Reuben and Gad.)
After the death of King Solomon, the Hebrew nation split into two kingdoms. Two tribes, including the tribe of Judah and the tribe of Jacob's youngest son Benjamin, formed the Southern Kingdom of Israel. The other 10 tribes, centered around Samaria made up the Northern Kingdom of Israel. In the year of 722 BC, the Assyrians conquered the Kingdom of Israel and sent the ten tribes into exile leaving two tribes left.
Rehav'am (Rehoboam), the son of King Solomon, became king over the southern kingdom, after the ten northern tribes broke away under Yerav'am (Jeroboam). The southern kingdom, known as Judah, consisted of Judah and Benjamin, two tribes, and continued until the First Destruction a few centuries later. Whereas the ten northern tribes were collectively called Israel, and went lost after their exile, which occurred about 275 years after the split (133 years before the First Destruction).
That depends when. In the time before Joshua, it was divided among the Canaanite tribes, their kings and city-states. In the time of the Judges, it was divided along the territories of the twelve Israelite tribes. In the time of the Israelite Kings, it was divided, with the Northern Kingdom (Samaria; the Ten Tribes) under Yerav'am (Jeroboam), and the Southern Kingdom of Judah under Rehav'am (Rehoboam). Yerav'am seceded the Ten Tribes from Rehav'am's kingdom because of a grievance over taxation (1 Kings ch.12).
Rehoboam Another answer: Rehav'am (Rehoboam) did not conquer the Northern Kingdom. Rather, he took leadership over it when it was formed (the Ten Tribes seceded from the rule of King David's descendants). The Northern Kingdom was conquered by the Assyrian king Shalmanesser.
Yes. The Israelites of the Northern Kingdom and the Southern Kingdom were all exiled, but at different times and to different places. The Northern Exiles are identical with the Ten Lost Tribes. See also:Where are the Lost Israelites?The diaspora