What is the interpretation of Jeremiah 23 1-8?

Answer 1

The short answer is Jeremiah was heralding the magnificent new, restored utopian world that God will bring humankind after Jesus Christ returns to this earth during the 'Millennial Rule' (see Acts:3:19-21 below):

Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord;

[20] And he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you:

[21] Whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began.

He will gather and return all the tribes of Israel that are now considered 'lost' along with all of Judah, back to the Promised Land.