One who runs great risks or accepts great hardship for the sake of observing the religious laws of Judaism without actually sacrificing his or her life is also considered especially righteous. Such an act of figurative self-sacrifice is called mesirat nefesh (מסירת נפש, "giving over the soul").
There is no such word in English.
I believe it is tsuris.
The blood, and more specifically the liver.
nefesh yafah (× ×¤×© יפה)
Alistair MacLean Y'did Nefesh - 2007 was released on: USA: 6 October 2007 (Northwest Film Forum Local Sightings Film Festival)
Said to a male: "atah ha-neshama sheli" אתה הנשמה שלי Said to a female: "aht ha-neshama sheli" את הנשמה שלי
See if this linked page helps.
nefesh nekhmada (× ×¤×© × ×—×ž×“×”)
Raphael ben Gabriel Norzi has written: 'Marpe la-nefesh'
nephash is not a Hebrew word, but it is close to nefesh (× ×¤×©) which means life force, and sometimes translated as soul.
Jewish tradition teaches of different parts or levels of the soul. The neshama is associated with the use of free-will and is centered in the brain. The ruach is associated with emotion and is centered in the heart. The nefesh is the spark of life, associated with physical function. If the body (even brain-dead) is alive, the nefesh is there.
The term Pikuach Nefesh comes from the Talmud, specifically Yoma 83a-84b. However, the concept is derived from the Torah where in Leviticus 18:5, God commands the Jewish people to "live by the laws". This has been viewed almost unanimously by Rabbis to mean that almost any action that would lead to the death of person on account of following the Torah Laws should be abrogated. (The three things for which Pikuach Nefesh does not apply are murder, blasphemy/idolatry, and sexual sins.) Leviticus 18:5 (NIV): 5 Keep my decrees and laws, for the person who obeys them will live by them. I am the Lord.