A district under the care of a particular priest or church is called a parish.
Quite simply, he is called a priest.
The Parish Priest
This person is called a curate. The duties of a curate are called a 'curacy'. The term 'curate' means "cure of souls". The curate is assigned to a parish as assistant to the parish priest. There may be one or more curates under each priest.
A ruling priest is called a Theocrat
the priest is called a father
Priest were called "the druids" during the anglo saxon
When a priest speaks in Church as part of a Liturgy or Service, it is called a Sermon.
He was the high priest called Caiaphas.
If you mean the liturgical vestment worn around the shoulders of priests as they administer the sacraments it is called a 'stole'.
The young priest assigned to a parish to help the pastor is called a curate. The young men who assist the priest at the altar are called altar boys, or sometimes altar servers if the priest in question insists on letting girls help.
Roman Catholic AnswerIf you mean, an older, retired priest, they are called the same as younger priests - they are all "alter Christus" - another Christ.