There are various types of scholars in Islam. Scholar in the general sense is 3aalem (the plural of which is 3ulemaa). However, there are also Imams, Muftis, Sheikhs, Faqihs, and Ayatollahs (in Shiite Islam).
Someone who studies the religion Islam is called a Muslim.
Someone engaged in formal or full time study of Islam is called a "Talib ul Ilm" (Student of Knowledge). Not a Sheikh but studying under one or many.
A Muslim also follows the religion. One can study this or any other religion without necessarily following it or even believing in any god, for academic purposes or simply to understand its believers' point of view.
A person who believes in aliens is often referred to as an "alien enthusiast" or someone who is "believes in extraterrestrial life."
A creationist.
Religious.
I would call him a god, or at least someone who believes he is a god.
Lonely!
A Sun reader.
A Marxist
Called Muslim
No. Islam believes in monotheism.
Monotheistic, or a monotheist.
the quran
Islam believes in One God (Allah).