Galileo was excommunicated by the Catholic Church in 1633 on the orders of the Inquisition. He was found guilty of heresy for supporting the Copernican view that the Earth revolves around the Sun.
Pope John Paul the 2nd was the Pope that apologized for the inquisition.
B-Smoove
Galileo was subject to an Inquisition from the Church because his views contradicted the geocentric model of the universe, which was supported by the Church at the time. The result was that he was found guilty of heresy in 1633 and placed under house arrest for the remainder of his life.
Pope Urban VII was the pope during Galileo's problems with the Church. he originally supported Galileo but dropped that support after Galileo made some rather disparaging remarks about the pope.
The Pope ask Galileo if he could prove his heliocentric theory of the universe. Galileo said no, he had no proof. The Pope told him he should not be teaching it as fact since it was only an hypothesis. Galileo then continued to teach it as a fact and also began writing and publishing sarcastic arrticles about the pope and other members of the Roman Curia. Most had been supportive of him up until that point. However, he lost his support and was subjected to the Inquisition who put him under house arrest for the remainder of his life.Copernicus had originally developed the hypothesis and had no problem with the Church since he clearly stated in his writings that it was not yet proven. Galileo's ego is what got him into trouble, not his scientific work.
Galileo Galilei was tried by the Inquisition for his views on geocentricism. He believed in heliocentrism instead of geocentricism. This viewpoint was in direct opposition to the scriptures. For this, he was tried by the Roman Inquisition in 1615.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was teaching the Copernican heliocentric (sun centered) hypothesis of the universe as fact and openly declared he had no proof to offer. Many in the Vatican, including the pope himself, supported Galileo's claims. However, the pope advised him to stop teaching it as fact when it was only a theory or hypothesis. Galileo refused and began publishing some very anticlerical and sarcastic remarks about the pope and the Roman Curia. He quickly lost any support he had in the Vatican and was sentenced to house arrest by the Inquisition. Pride was his downfall. Copernicus had long supported the heliocentric hypothesis but had no problems with the Church as he did not teach it as a fact.
He agreed to renounce his own works when the Inquisition showed him its instruments of torture.
Galileo Galilei (1564-1562).
The Roman Catholic Church, during the Spanish Inquisition.