the ark, eternal light and other
We don't know where the ark is and it has never been in a synagogue. It had been in the temple in a room called the Holy of Holies.
It is called Ner Tah-mid
ARK
In the Jewish tradition, the Ark of the Covenant contains the tablets of the Ten Commandments, and above it is the Mercy Seat where God was said to dwell and commune with the Israelites.
The ark is known as the Aron Kodesh (ארון קודש) and it contains the synagogue's Torah scrolls.
Assuming the questioner is asking where the 10 Statements are located in a synagogue, the answer is that if a synagogue has the 10 Statements on display, they are usually located on or above the ark containing the Torahs at the front of the prayer sanctuary.
A typical synagogue contains an ark (where the scrolls of the Law are kept), an “eternal light” burning before the ark, two candelabra, pews, and a raised platform (bimah), from which scriptural passages are read and from which, often, services are conducted.
The Holy Ark is the place where the Torah scrolls are kept.
There is no single phrase. It depends on the synagogue. In my synagogue, it's the sentence that translates as "Consider before whom you stand." It's a piece of advice from the section of the Mishnah that contains brief quotes and points to ponder from great Judaic sages of the past; the book is subtitled "pir-KAY ah-VOT", or "Ethics of the Fathers".
It is where the Torah scroll is kept.
the Torah- a scroll that tells the Jewish teachings