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Catholic tradition says that Saint Clement I was the fourth pope, with his papacy occurring approximately 92-97 CE, but historically there was no Pope Clement I.

Scholars have investigated all the available evidence and have concluded that there was no bishop of Rome, and therefore no pope, until well into the second century. Francis A. Sullivan SJ (From Apostles to Bishops) says that it is the consensus of scholars that the church of Rome was led by a college of presbyters, rather than a single bishop. On the available evidence, Clement might have been one of these presbyters, but not a monepiscopal leader of the church in Rome. In particular, the epistle known as 1 Clement makes it clear that there was no central authority figure of the church in either Rome or Corinth, where the epistle was addressed.

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Q: How did Saint Clement become pope?
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