They say that the soul is a reflection of the image of god in humans and that it is also the spiritual aspect of human nature that affects you.
Roman Catholic AnswerThe soul is the part of man that resembles God, it is the soul that animates the body and makes us alive. The soul is indestructible and eternal, it can not die. It lives on after the body dies.from The Catechism of the Catholic Church, second edition, English translation 1994
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In Sacred Scripture the term "soul" often refers to human life or the entire human person. (Cf. Mt16:25-26; Jn 15:13; Acts 2:41) But "soul" also refers to the innermost aspect of man, that which is of greatest value in him, Cf. Mt 10:28; 26:38; Jn 12:27; 2 Macc6:30) that by which is most especially in God's image: "soul" signifies the spiritual principle in man.
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>Christian religions have a variety of beliefs relating to the soul. It is my belief and many like me believe that the soul is the combination of the spirit and body. The spirit and the body is the soul of man. In Genesis 2:7 we read, "And the LORD God formed man [of] the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul." 'The breath of life' in this case is the spirit of man which is the life of the body(James 2:26), and God is literally the Father of our spirits(Hebrews 12:9). I should point out from the above Geneses verse, verse seven, that everyone born into the world is formed from the dust of the ground, and to the dust of the ground we shall return. In the first resurrection of the righteous and in the second resurrection of the wicked, body and spirit shall be inseparably joined and shall live forever.>
Yes, Christians believe in souls. Christians believe when you die you either go to heaven or hell. If you repent and turn to Jesus, you will go to heaven. Going to heaven has nothing to do with how many "good things" you've done in this life. You and I both have done way too many to count. Accept Jesus's free gift of salvation today.
Many do but the word is sometimes interchanged with the term 'spirit.' A soul in Hebrew is 'nephesh' which simply means breath of life. Animals also have souls (see Genesis 2:17, 6:17, 7:15;22).
But God made humankind unique in that He placed a spirit in man (Job 32:8). This spirit is what gives humankind 'mind power' and it is able to be 'begotten' to the Spirit of God (aka Spirit of Christ). When we die, this spirit component returns to God in Heaven for safekeeping. It is unaware of all things (Ecclesiastes 9:5-6). It will be returned to Earth and placed in a new body to allow each of us to face the Judgment process at the end of the Millennial Rule of Christ (see Ezekiel 37 and others):
Ecclesiastes 12:7New King James Version (NKJV)7 Then the dust will return to the earth as it was,
And the spirit will return to God who gave it.