The MLA style, which is used for writings in the humanities, uses in-text parenthetical citations. (I'm not familiar enough with other styles to say whether or not they do) These citations include the page number and the author's name (when this information is NOT included in the text itself). E.g., Moby Dick begins "Call me Ishmael" (Melville 1). but, Herman Melville begins Moby Dick with the imperitive sentence, "Call me Ishmael." (1) or Melville begins the first page of Moby Dick with the protaginist's imperative, "Call me Ishmael."
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Specific page numbers are typically referenced in the text itself in the American Psychological Association (APA) citation system. In APA style, the author's last name and the year of publication are included in the in-text citation, along with the specific page number where the information can be found.