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A pilot test is a method used to test the design and/or methods and/or instrument prior to carrying out the research. Can be small, 3-5, since the purpose is not to collect data but to refine your process and/or instrument.
Several sites that discuss this are found at
http://www.wadsworth.com/psychology_d/templates/student_resources/workshops/res_methd/mistake/mistake_16.html
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/1765496/using_a_pilot_test_to_determine_a_tests.html
www.sagamorepub.com/.../ResearchinRecreation/Step%2012.ppt

For an excellent article go to
http://www.nationalserviceresources.org/node/19498

Pilot testing involves conducting a preliminary test of data collection tools and procedures to identify and eliminate problems, allowing programs to make corrective changes or adjustments before actually collecting data from the target population. This effective practice describes advantages of pilot testing, lists simple procedures to pilot test instruments, and provides additional resources to help programs conduct their own pilot tests and was submitted by Project STAR in September 2008.

A pilot test usually involves simulating the actual data collection process on a small scale to get feedback on whether or not the instruments are likely to work as expected in a "real world" situation. A typical pilot test involves administering instruments to a small group of individuals that has similar characteristics to the target population, and in a manner that simulates how data will be collected when the instruments are administered to the target population.

Pilot testing gives programs an opportunity to make revisions to instruments and data collection procedures to ensure that appropriate questions are being asked, the right data will be collected, and the data collection methods will work. Programs that neglect pilot testing run the risk of collecting useless data.

Pilot testing provides an opportunity to detect and remedy a wide range of potential problems with an instrument. These problems may include:

  • Questions that respondents don't understand
  • Ambiguous questions
  • Questions that combine two or more issues in a single question (double-barreled questions)
  • Questions that make respondents uncomfortable

Pilot testing can also help programs identify ways to improve how an instrument is administered. For example, if respondents show fatigue while completing the instrument, then the program should look for ways to shorten the instrument. If respondents are confused about how to return the completed instrument, then the program needs to clarify instructions and simplify this process.


Dave
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Research in research methodology is significant as it provides the framework and guidelines for conducting systematic investigations, ensuring that the findings are reliable, valid, and credible. It helps researchers design studies, collect and analyze data, and draw conclusions in a systematic and rigorous manner. Research methodology also guides researchers in choosing the appropriate methods and tools to address specific research questions or problems.


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