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Radioactive material was shot approximately 16,404 feet (5 kilometers) in the nuclear explosion at the Chernobyl plant in 1986.
A nuclear power plant
There are two operating nuclear power plants in Alabama, but there is a third that was partially built and is being considered again. The Brown's Ferry plant has been producing power at Athens, Alabama since December of 1973. The Joseph M. Farley Nuclear Generating Station at Dothan, Alabama began operations on December 1, 1977. The incomplete plant is the Belefonte Generating Station at Hollywood, Alabama.
The largest nuclear plant meltdown happened at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine on April 26, 1986. The explosion and subsequent fire released large amounts of radioactive material into the atmosphere, resulting in one of the worst nuclear disasters in history.
Uranium is the radioactive material element used in nuclear reactors, including the Fukushima Daiichi plant in Japan. Uranium undergoes fission reactions, releasing energy that is used to generate electricity.
Water itself does not become radioactive, luckily, but any dissolved material in the water in the reactor primary circuit gets irradiated by the neutron flux and so can become radioactive. Therefore it is very important to control the water purity, it is all treated in a demineralisation plant, but then that is normal practice for power plants anyway, the difference in a nuclear plant is that the removed material can be radioactive. The secondary water/steam system in a PWR will not become radioactive, neither will the station cooling water used to cool the turbine condenser.
Direct exposure to radiation from a plume of radioactive material
The danger in a nuclear plant meltdown is that failure of the containment system may follow the meltdown, and this will allow highly radioactive material out into the environment. Let loose, this material can injure or kill exposed individuals, and it can render large areas of land uninhabitable for long periods of time.
The Fukushima nuclear power plant is a complex of six nuclear reactors located in Fukushima, Japan. It experienced a severe nuclear disaster in March 2011 after a tsunami triggered by an earthquake caused meltdowns in three of its reactors, releasing a significant amount of radioactive material into the environment.
The exact contents of radioactive waste from a nuclear power plant and radioactive fallout from a nuclear weapon can vary widely but are likely to be similar in their primary isotopes.The major difference between the radioactive waste from a nuclear power plant and radioactive fallout from a nuclear weapon is that the waste is normally contained and will not enter the environment (unless an accident happens) while the fallout is dispersed into the environment and is carried by the wind (sometimes all the way around the world multiple times).
by a nuclear power plant
See the UNSCEAR report referenced as a link below