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In the case of a free electron, there is no external force acting on the electron, so no work is done to displace it. Since potential energy is associated with work done in displacing an object against a force, the potential energy of a free electron is considered to be zero.
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What is the difference between free electron theory and nearly free electron theory?
The free electron theory assumes that electrons in a solid are completely free to move throughout the material, without any interaction with the crystal lattice. In contrast, the nearly free electron theory recognizes that there are some interactions between the electrons and the crystal lattice, leading to energy bands and band gaps in the electron's motion within the solid.
How does energy remain constant during free fall?
In free fall, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as an object falls. This transfer of energy occurs such that the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) of the object remains constant in the absence of non-conservative forces like air resistance. Therefore, the object's total energy (kinetic + potential) is conserved during free fall.
Is it possible to have more kinetic energy than potential energy?
Yes, it is possible to have more kinetic energy than potential energy. Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of an object, while potential energy is associated with its position or state. For example, in free fall, an object has maximum kinetic energy and minimal potential energy at the bottom of its trajectory.
The term for free electrons in metals transferring energy by colliding with other atoms or electrons?
The term is "electron diffusion." In metals, free electrons can transfer energy through collisions with other atoms or electrons, leading to a net movement of charge known as electron diffusion.
Energy conservation during free-fall?
During free-fall, potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as an object falls due to gravity. This conversion process is an example of energy conservation, where the total mechanical energy (potential energy + kinetic energy) of the object remains constant throughout the fall in the absence of external forces like air resistance.
What is the change of energy called as it moves between kinetic energy and potential energy and back again?
The change of energy as it moves between kinetic and potential energy is called mechanical energy. This occurs in systems where the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) remains constant, such as in the case of an object in free fall or a swinging pendulum.
What is the difference between free electron theory and nearly free electron theory?
The free electron theory assumes that electrons in a solid are completely free to move throughout the material, without any interaction with the crystal lattice. In contrast, the nearly free electron theory recognizes that there are some interactions between the electrons and the crystal lattice, leading to energy bands and band gaps in the electron's motion within the solid.
How does energy remain constant during free fall?
In free fall, gravitational potential energy is converted to kinetic energy as an object falls. This transfer of energy occurs such that the total mechanical energy (kinetic + potential) of the object remains constant in the absence of non-conservative forces like air resistance. Therefore, the object's total energy (kinetic + potential) is conserved during free fall.
Can free electron absorb photon?
Yes, free electrons can absorb photons. When a photon interacts with a free electron, it can transfer its energy to the electron, causing it to move to a higher energy level or even be ejected from the material. This process is the basis for various phenomena such as photoelectric effect and Compton scattering.
Why does aluminum conduct?
Because it has a free electron in the conduction energy band.
What is Relationship between redox-potential and free energy?
The relationship between redox potential and free energy is that redox potential is a measure of the tendency of a molecule to lose or gain electrons, which relates to the change in free energy associated with the redox reaction. A more positive redox potential indicates a greater tendency to lose electrons and a more negative redox potential indicates a greater tendency to gain electrons, reflecting the spontaneity of the redox reaction and the associated change in free energy.
Why does aluminum conduct electricity?
Because it has a free electron in the conduction energy band.
What is energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom?
The energy released on adding an electron to an isolated gas phase atom is called electron affinity. It represents the willingness of an atom to accept an additional electron. The process can release energy if the atom's electron affinity is negative, indicating that the atom is stable after gaining an electron.
Is it possible to have more kinetic energy than potential energy?
Yes, it is possible to have more kinetic energy than potential energy. Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of an object, while potential energy is associated with its position or state. For example, in free fall, an object has maximum kinetic energy and minimal potential energy at the bottom of its trajectory.
When do riders free-fall on a roller coaster?
Well in roller coasters there is potential and kinetic energy. So when the roller coaster is getting pulled up it is using kinetic energy while gaining potential energy. So the potential energy it gained is used while going down and not being pulled.
Which electron in oxygen have the higher energy those in the first energy level or those in the second?
The second level is associated with higher energy than the first is. Keep increasing the energy of an electron enough, and eventually it breaks free of the atom completely.
Is Gibbs free energy constant?
In general Gibbs free energy is NOT constant. Gibbs free energy can be translated into chemical potential and differences in chemical potential are what drive changes - whether it be chemical reactions, phase changes, diffusion, osmosis, heat exchange or some other thermodynamic function.
