Soil mechanics is a discipline in which application of laws of mechanics and fluid mechanics are applied where as in mechanics laws of physics are applied
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Soil mechanics is separate from general mechanics because soil is a complex material with unique properties like porosity, compressibility, and shear strength that require specialized study. Understanding the behavior of soil is crucial for geotechnical engineering projects such as foundations, retaining walls, and earth dams, making soil mechanics an essential discipline in civil engineering.
Specific gravity of soil is important for determining the void ratio, porosity, and degree of saturation of soil. It is also used to calculate the weight of water and solids present in soil, which is crucial for soil mechanics, engineering, and construction projects. Specific gravity helps in understanding the soil structure, classification, and behavior under different loading conditions.
An example of gravity separation is panning for gold, where a handheld pan is used to separate gold particles from soil or sediment based on their weight. Another example is the use of gravity tables in agriculture to separate grains based on their density, allowing for the removal of unwanted debris.
Gamma rays from naturally occurring radioactive materials can travel several feet in soil, with higher-energy gamma rays traveling further than lower-energy ones. The distance gamma rays travel in soil depends on factors such as the type of material emitting the radiation and the density of the soil.
Soil deforms under stresses due to the rearrangement of soil particles and the redistribution of pore water within the soil structure. When external forces are applied to the soil, the soil particles shift and compact, causing changes in the soil's volume and shape. This deformation is influenced by factors such as soil composition, density, moisture content, and the type and magnitude of applied loads.
To determine the moisture content of soil, you can use a soil moisture meter or follow the oven-drying method. With a soil moisture meter, insert the probe into the soil and read the moisture level displayed. For the oven-drying method, weigh a soil sample, dry it in an oven, and weigh it again to calculate the moisture content.